Category Archives: Manufacturing & Operations

How Do You Build the Right Organization? Four Observations

Situation: To accommodate future growth, a company has to build its management infrastructure and has developed an organizational chart to guide this process. Should preference  be given to existing personnel who are qualified and have expressed an interest in the new positions or should leadership wait until they identify exceptional outside talent for the new positions? How do you build the right organization?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Move forward with internal talent that have been identified. The company and management know these people and the “ideal” outsider may also come with “less than ideal” baggage.
  • Create a 90-day plan with specific broad objectives for those who will be offered the open positions. Let them know that the assignments are conditional upon their ability to achieve their objectives during the 90-day period. Provide coaching, and cross-departmental training to give them the best chance to succeed.
  • For one position, there are two individuals who have expressed an interest in the decision. How should the CEO choose between these individuals?
    • Move forward with the individual who is considered the best choice, but offer training and support for the second individual so that there is a ready candidate for new positions that may open, or a natural successor should the position in question open up for any reason.
  • The company has a very flat organization chart. Individual employees work on several projects, with a different manager for each, simultaneously. What is the best way to evaluate individuals in this situation?
    • Use a 360 peer-to-peer and peer-to-boss approach to gather feedback for performance appraisals. There are a number of web-based systems available. This will provide an objective source of feedback to support performance appraisals and reviews.

[like]

How Do You Get the Best from Your People? Six Solutions

Situation: A CEO is concerned that employees are not taking enough initiative. They keep coming back to him for assistance solving each step in a process rather than solving it on their own or with the assistance of other team members. This takes time away from his primarily role developing and guiding the present and future of the company. What can he do help employees become more self-sufficient? How do you get the best from your people?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Don’t offer to help employees solve the problem or take over the task to save time and effort. Use the “answer a question with a question” technique to let them know that it is their responsibility to develop and complete the solutions and processes on their own.
  • Tailor the coaching approach to the particular individual and situation that he or she faces.
  • Just let go. Allow them to fly without depending on the CEO.
  • Classify frequent problems and solutions into types, and have the team develop solution templates for each type. Provide training on the solution templates so that everyone is familiar with them.
  • Select top performers to act as peer-mentors to train and cross-train staff. There are three rewards for their taking on this role: added recognition for their talents, accelerated promotion opportunity, and additional pay or bonuses for their efforts.
  • An excellent resource is The One-Minute Manager. It is short, to the point, and offers valuable techniques to encourage initiative and both independent and team problem-solving among employees.

[like]

How Do You Hire the Right Person? Three Points

Situation: A CEO is in the process of hiring a new employee for a key position. The company is now writing the position description to post for candidates. What can they do to improve on past hiring experiences? How do you hire the right person?

Advice of the Forum:

  • Two of the members of the Forum have worked with a skilled consultant who taught them a system for improving employee selection. Both companies have experienced excellent results from this system.
  • Key points of this system include:
    • Screening applicants for appropriate skills and inviting for interviews those who have the right background. The interview process is a 2-day affair. Day 1 focuses principally on behavior and culture.
    • Day 1 Interviews: the focus is behavior and adaptability. This involves 2-4 hours of tightly scheduled 15-minute interviews. These are scripted with standardized questions. Several candidates are run through this process simultaneously. The objective is to create the same type of pressure that an employee normally face when the company is chasing a tight deadline. Interviewers are instructed to observe how the individuals being interviewed respond to this pressure. Those who are not right for your culture quickly screen themselves out of the process. Those who pass Day 1 are invited back for Day 2
    • Day 2 Interviews: the focus is on a skill drill down. This includes real-time tests of the key skills that are typical of the position for which the interviewees are interviewing. The objective is to assess the familiarity of the interviewees with the required skills, and to determine who reacts both competently and creatively.

[like]

How Do You Improve Delegation? Three Solutions

Situation: A company is growing rapidly. As it grows it is important to build the management team needed to support this growth. A few talented potential managers have a tough time letting go of previous responsibilities. How does the CEO help them to let go of previous responsibilities. How do you improve delegation?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Don’t teach method. The individuals to whom responsibilities are to be delegated may feel like trained monkeys, not the bright creative people that they are.
    • Set goals. Give them the information that they need to get there. Let them know that there is a procedure, and they are welcomed to use or adapt this as they wish. If they can find a better way that is more efficient – Wonderful!
    • Empower them. This is an investment. Like many investments, it may take time to generate a return, but be patient and wait for this return.
  • Look at the required roles and prioritize them as most to least critical to the company.
    • Start delegating the less critical roles, as well as the roles that are less time sensitive.
    • This will make it easier to maintain patience.
    • Also, delegate roles that play to the strengths of those to whom new responsibilities are being delegated. Those taking these roles will be happier and will do a better job.
  • Create an organizational chart for each department and responsibilities.
    • Make sure that all of the roles for which a department is responsible are included, but group these into similar roles so that there are, for example, 3-5 role delegations.
    • Prioritize each role for importance and urgency.
    • Take the least urgent and significant role and delegate it. Either assign it to an existing individual, or hire someone to take it on.
    • Once this has been done this and those to whom roles are delegated are used to them, do the same with the next least important or urgent role.
    • Do this over time until all the needed roles have been delegated, and managers are comfortable managing the individuals now responsible for them.
    • A valuable resource is the EMyth Revisited by Michael Gerber. It is a quick read and provides guidelines for how to delegate and let go of responsibilities the organization grows.

[like]

How Do You Enhance Teamwork and Leadership? Six Suggestions

Situation: A CEO wants to enhance teamwork and improve leadership at all levels within the company. Occasionally there is an attitude of “not my job” in response to a request. Differences in direction from leadership within the company has led to confusion of priorities. A common issue is the need to assure that priorities are aligned and consistently communicated across teams and the organization. How do you keep everybody on the same page? How do you enhance teamwork and leadership?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Conduct daily and/or weekly meetings to assure that everyone is aligned and on message. This has the additional advantage of bubbling up more ideas from deeper down in the organization.
  • Develop clear action items within these meetings. Confirm at least verbal understanding and agreement on each item.
  • Involve all team members in team meetings. Enforce participation.
  • As facilitator, take charge of the meetings.
    • Reduce long, drawn-out meetings to short, concise meetings.
    • Prep ahead of the meeting – let all participants know that they are expected to come prepared as well.
    • Stay on focus during the meetings.
    • At the end of important discussions, and again at the end of the meeting, summarize action items and responsibilities, and confirm understanding.
  • Other things that help:
    • Reduce the use of buss words during meetings. Speak in language that all understand.
    • Speak in terms of outcomes, not tasks. If the discussion is derailed, refocus on outcomes.
  • This works effectively in meetings with all levels of employees.

[like]

How Do You Train Others to Do Your Old Job? Four Points

Situation: A CEO has a key employee who has just been promoted to an important managerial position within the company. The task for this individual is to train others to do what he has done in the past. However. this individual feels uncomfortable training others to do what he was able to do. He feels like he is obsolescing himself. How do you coach this individual to let go of past responsibilities? How do you train others to do your old job?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • This individual was promoted because he excelled in his former job. His mastery of these skills, plus his past management background, prompted the CEO to offer him a managerial position. It is critical to understand that his job and responsibilities are no longer what they used to be.
  • As a manager, an individual is no longer expected to be a “doer”. The primary responsibility is now to select, manage, train, and promote others whose primary responsibility is “doing.”
  • As this individual is coached, encourage him to step back and look at the big picture of his new role.
    • The CEO does not expect perfection from the start. He understands from his own experience that learning management takes time.
    • However, he also knows that to become a new manager requires giving up many of the hands-on activities that one used to perform. The job is no longer to do these yourself, but to coach others to be able to perform these tasks to the standards of the firm.
    • Initially, this takes more time than “doing it yourself.” However, this individual now has talented people reporting to him and they will learn quickly. In a short while, it will take less time to delegate than to do it himself.
    • From a big picture standpoint, a manager justifies the higher salary and greater prospects that come with a new position by training his or her team to do what used to be “their job” at a lower salary than the manager’s current salary.
  • In short, in the role of manager, the better one is at developing others who can take on the skills that they used to demonstrate, the more successful that individual will be as a manager, and the more value they will bring to the Company.

[like]

How Do You Align Company Culture? Three Approaches

Situation: A company purchased another company one year ago. While the two organizations complement each other in terms of market coverage, their cultures differ. What are the key cultural issues that the CEO should consider as they work to bring the two companies into deeper alignment? How do you align company culture?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • What are the differences between the cultures of the two companies?
    • The purchasing company’s culture is characterized as tech-savvy. They work easily across time zones; have high team autonomy; and pool back-office responsibilities and the associated expenses for more consistent management across projects. While their overall revenue is lower, they have higher revenue per revenue-producing employee.
    • The acquired company’s culture is not tech-savvy. They make little use of email or technology; have little long-distance communication or experience working across time zones; a top-down decision and management structure; and expenses are managed at the project level with little consistency in expense handling between projects. They have no HR function.
  • Look at the core values that drive each company. Compare and contrast these.
    • Are there complementary strengths on which to build synergy?
    • Are gaps in one company complemented by strengths in the other?
    • Usually, the acquiring company has to opportunity to dictate the culture of the combination. With shrewd positioning, strengths of the acquired company can provide benefits to the combination.
    • Perform a values analysis of the two companies and look for opportunities to leverage value strengths across the two companies.
  • Look for an informal opportunity to have a conversation with the principles of both companies about their motivations for agreeing to the acquisition. There are two basic options:
    • Integration and growth or diversification and investment.
    • If the purchase was for integration and growth, then the acquirer will likely want to instill their values into the acquired company.
    • If the purchase was for diversification and investment, then the acquirer may be willing to allow the acquired company considerable autonomy. However, strategies and plans should be probed to provide clarification.
    • Understanding these factors will help to determine which values and strengths of each company to combine into a unified culture.

[like]

Is It Better to Develop Internal Resources or Hire? Four Views

Situation: A key employee will be leaving for at least 5-6 months on maternity leave. This individual is a top performer, and will be welcomed back following maternity leave should she wish to return. However, her absence will leave the company short of resources. Is it better to develop internal resources during her absence or hire a new resource?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The company’s HR strategy should complement its strategic plan as well as the CEO’s feel for market conditions.
    • If the strategy for the next year is to grow, then plan accordingly and commit to either bringing on someone new or to aggressively growing the talent already within the firm.
    • If the strategy is to hedge bets due to lack of clarity as to where the market is headed, then plan accordingly and act more conservatively.
  • Assess the availability of resources within the company.
    • Are there internal candidates who can fill the gap created by this employee’s leave? If so, then start training and developing these resources. They will be valuable as the company grows.
    • What is the company’s current workload vs. the capacity of current staff? If there is any excess capacity that can fill the gap, short-term, then use this as an opportunity to develop this excess capacity.
  • If the company has excess capacity, and is unsure about market movement six months out, develop internal capacity first.
    • This provides both additional flexibility and time to assess signs of market movement before making an investment in additional talent.
    • Plan to revisit the situation in 3 months and make another decision.
  • Keep a close eye on the market for developments, and have rapid action back-up strategies in place to respond to market conditions.

[like]

How Can You Improve Your Time Management? Four Points

Situation: A CEO says that she fills her time with too much, leading to pressure. She is concerned that by thriving on pressure she may be sacrificing quality. Additionally, she wonders whether she is trying to do too much. How do you improve your time management?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The real key is creating priorities, and concentrating on these. As Brian Tracy indicates in The Creative Manager, geniuses know how to concentrate fully on one thing at a time. As a corollary, multitasking is the enemy of genius and quality – it sounds neat to say that one can multitask, but the reality is that this is wasting both focus and productivity.
  • Many of the Forum members revisit their priorities daily.
  • Consider the Quadrant paradigm from Steven Covey:
Quadrant 1

Urgent + Important

This is where top CEOs spend 20-30% of their time

Characteristics:

Reactionary

Deadline-Driven

 Quadrant 2

Not Urgent + Important

This is where top CEOs spend 70-80% of their time

Characteristics:

Proactive

Planning Ahead
Quadrant 3

Urgent + Not Important (not on your high priority list)

Delegate These Tasks

 Quadrant 4

Not Urgent + Not Important

Do Not Do These Tasks

Be Aware of Them and Watch to See if They Become Important or Urgent
  • Quadrants 1 and 2 represent the highest priority tasks, and only the highest priority tasks. Quadrant 3 represents lower priority tasks. Quadrant 4 is self-explanatory.
  • As CEO, delegate many of the Q1 items to staff and spend more time in Q2.
  • Do Not spend any time in Q3 and Q4. There may be times when it is necessary to do some Q3 tasks, but keep these to an absolute minimum.
  • Use the quadrants to better manage time. Take the existing task priority list and categorize each task in the appropriate quadrant. Within each quadrant, prioritize each responsibility. Get together with the management team and delegate these tasks as appropriate. All of the Q3 tasks are areas to delegate to the team and supervise their work.
  • One of the responsibilities of management is to be the firewall for the CEO. This means keeping all Q3 and Q4 tasks off of the CEO’s plate, and handling as many Q1 tasks as possible so that the CEO can concentrate on Q2 tasks.
  • Completing this exercise should yield immediate ways to reduce existing time management pressures.

[like]

What are Appropriate Social/Personal Interactions at Work? Three Points

Situation: A new CEO has been promoted from within the ranks of a small-to-medium sized company. He was told by the board that the promotion was based on exemplary performance and the feeling that he was ready for this responsibility. He’s been with the company for many years and has developed close relationships with co-workers. How will the promotion impact those relationships? What are appropriate social and personal interactions at work?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Consider three cases:
    • Case 1 – Even though two individuals may be friends outside of work, they do not engage as “friends” at work. There is a different role structure at work.
    • Case 2 – Coaching of children as an example: though two individuals have a friendship or close relationship outside of work, for example frequently playing golf or another sport, favoritism should not be shown toward this individual at work. Preserve the veil of trust with the other employees.
    • Case 3 – A CEO often has lunch with employees, but no other social activity outside of work. This individual often expresses a personal interest in others’ families and their families, interests and hobbies. This person takes the time to show that he or she cares about employees.
  • Just as was the case between the new CEO and the prior CEO, there is a natural distance between any employee and those individuals who evaluate or review them. The evaluators or reviewers have a power over the employee that prevents them from approaching each other as true peers.
    • Because of this natural barrier, do not try for force social or personal interactions. The best that one can do is to make sure that the others know that the CEO cares about them, has their interests in mind, and shows an interest in their families, interests and hobbies.
    • It is important to take advantage of opportunities to demonstrate an interest in others.
  • The person who asked the question mentioned the success of the CFO in building relationships with others in the office. If invited, attend these same functions. Observe and learn from the CFO’s interactions with the others. Model the CFO’s interactions but add your own individuality to this modeling. Most of all, listen actively, and patiently allow the interactions to mature. Don’t force things.

[like]