Category Archives: Finance

How Do You Maintain Focus on Your Core While Growing? Six Considerations

Situation: A company has established a strong core business and it is time to diversity. The most promising opportunity for growth is complimentary to but a different business model from the company’s core. What are best practices for maintaining focus on the core business while developing a new opportunity? How do you maintain focus on your core while growing?

Advice:

  • Most importantly, be emotionally and strategically ready to make the bet and commit to action. In doing so you must “know thyself.” Specifically, take a long look to determine whether you tend to overanalyze or are too quick to pull the trigger. Understanding your tendencies will help in the steps below. 
  • Establish the prerequisites for pulling the trigger. This means determining:  the level of operating stability for the core business that will allow you to split focus; the level of financial stability and predictability that will support both core and expansion efforts; and the level of organizational and process stability that will allow you to take on the new opportunity.
  • Understand and define the differences between the old game and the new game. What are the financials of the growth opportunity? How do they differ from your core business? Are there conflicts that must be resolved? Can you launch an innovative solution to differentiate the new offering?
  • Gather enough understanding of market need that will satisfy you with the new opportunity so as to be able to address it effectively.
  • Establish a sound execution strategy and timeframe for launching the new business. Some of your decisions will be wrong. You need the resources to tolerate a learning curve while running fast towards your goal.
  • Draft a leadership development plan for both the core and new business before you start. This plan must define the skill sets and growth needs of each business.

Thanks to Clark Avery for his contribution to this article.

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How Do You Manage Cash Flow in a Recovery? Six Suggestions

Situation: Markets are currently down but everyone is hoping for a recovery. As business improves a company needs to manage cash flow to support growth. How do you manage cash flow in a recovery?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • This is a common challenge following a down period. Companies have reduced personnel and used up cash reserves to survive. As demand resumes it may be necessary to add resources as you increase production. It’s important not to let accounts payable get ahead of receivables.
  • Ask customers for deposits on orders – giving you up-front cash. Give priority to those who respond positively.
  • Redesign the work-flow. Add independent contractors on a project basis. This requires good cost estimates and well-defined deliverables.
  • Work with your bank and Line of Credit.  An LOC should cover 1-3 months of operation. Ask for a lot, and shop different banks for favorable lines and rates. An LOC is a short-term obligation whereas debt may be long term. Watch your debt covenants for restrictions on obligations to assure that you stay in compliance. LOCs are frequently Prime plus 1-2%.
  • If you have a broker, see what rates they will offer on a business credit line to keep your brokerage business.
  • The best alternative is to plan ahead and develop a strong relationship with your banker. This centers on a reliable credit history, so that when need arises, the banker will help you based on your past performance and the confidence that they have developed in you and your operation.

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What is the Best Way to Respond to a Request to Reduce Price? Six Thoughts

Situation: An important customer just asked for a price reduction. The company’s production and materials costs have increased and eroded their margins. What is the best way to respond to a request to reduce price?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The first question is whether the company is selling a commodity or a unique and differentiated product? Commodities rarely command a premium above market unless it is possible to bundle with differentiated delivery. Unique or differentiated products justify a premium because the customer has only two choices: purchase at your price or try to develop an alternate source.
  • The customer may have valid reasons to request a lower price. Counter with a combination of lower price and a lower level product to retain your margins. If the sale involves service, assign less expensive resources in return for a lower price to preserve margins. Define the trade-off to the customer so that it becomes their decision, not yours.
  • Adjust terminology. Use “run rate” vs. “price”, and speak of balancing resources assigned. Avoid cheapening or commoditizing your offering to meet the customer’s price demand.
  • Don’t assume that there is any such thing as a “fair price” or “fair margin”. The price is whatever the customer is willing to pay for your offering. The price increases the more unique your product or offering is, and the more critical to the customer’s needs.
  • Do NOT share your cost and margin information – this should be company policy.
  • Consider combinations of pricing, terms and delivery that keep you whole while offering the customer different price points.

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What are the Best Avenues for Raising Capital? Six Points

Situation: The technology sector is booming with AI and other exciting new technologies. Whether you want to fund a new company or a new effort within a smaller company, what are the best approaches? What are the best avenues for raising capital?

Advice:

  • Funding and credit markets are opening but still tight. The bar has been raised because too many people are chasing too few available dollars.
  • The venture capital (VC) sector has consolidated. The primary focus is on technology, software and medical. Much less goes to the consumer sector. It is important to target angels, VCs or investors who specialize in your technology, market and business model. Research current VC portfolios.
  • Angels now act more like VCs – particularly structured angel groups. Initial investments are typically under $1 million.
  • If you have a technology, investigate the grant world – e.g., NIH or DARPA. These organizations fund research, but not marketing, distribution or sales. Look for specific programs or RFPs that align with your technology. Target your grant request toward prototype development and studies. Search LinkedIn for military people who can introduce you to contacts within programs like DARPA.
  • Investigate SBA Grants, and foundations with an interest in your technology or application. Foundations sometimes will grant funds ($100k) to support the work of individual scientists and researchers. Call on friends and family who believe in you and your work.
  • Whoever you approach, these rules apply: (1) Do your homework. Choose sources that align with your project and profile. (2) Presentations must be crisp and easily understood. Investing in professional assistance is wise. (3) Be able to make your case in 15 minutes or less. The first minutes are most crucial, so have your ‘elevator’ pitch perfected. (4) Your model and financials must support a high multiple exit, 5-10x their investment in a reasonable period of time – about 5 years. (5) Team, Team, Team – credentials, experience, presentation – be a team with whom the investor can work.

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How Do You Boost Short-term Cash to Finance Growth? Three Approaches

Situation: The CEO of a company is seeing an upswing in work and backlog, but doesn’t have cash on hand to support the work. The bank won’t increase their credit line. How can they increase cash flow and better position themselves with the bank? How do you boost short-term cash flow to finance growth?

Advice from the CEOs:

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How Do You Open a New Branch Office? – Five Analyses

Situation: A company plans to open their first branch office. There are considering several possible locations as well as the details that they should consider while opening in the new location. What are the most important considerations as they prepare? How do you open a new branch office?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Perform a ROI analysis for the planned office. How will the ROI for the branch office differ from your primary office? Look for potential economies of scale in your business model. This may prompt a rethinking of how you generate your products or services.
  • Simultaneously, look at the potential costs per location and the level of business required to (1) break even and (2) to match/exceed home office return in the new location. As you consider different geographical locations, compare costs and potential contribution of each against the others’.
  • Decide whether you need to build full operations in your branch office, or whether you can use a distributed services model, working from a central hub that performs some operations that needn’t be replicated in the branch office as well as future branch offices.
  • Once these three analyses are completed, perform a make/buy analysis to determine whether you get a better return from setting up your own office or purchasing a local company in the new location, if one exists.
  • Lower risk by starting with a relatively low cost operation – essentially a satellite office with minimal staff. As the new office develops initial business, they can be supported by your home office operations. They will serve as local feet on the street to evaluate the true potential and local barriers to entry within the new market.

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How Do You On-board a New CFO – Four Imperatives

Situation: A company is hiring their first CFO. Previously, as a small company the founder and an accountant handled this responsibility. How do they integrate this key person into the company? How do you on-board a new CFO?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The company and its key players should reflect the values, needs and desires of the CEO. The talents of the CEO and CFO should complement each other. Have a clear discussion and agreement with the CFO candidate on values, role, and organizational structure before hiring or announcing anything to the company.
  • Recommended announcements and timeline: When the new CFO is announced, simultaneously present the new organization chart with broad responsibilities, but not with detailed position descriptions. Set a timeline for realignment of roles. It is not necessary to specify exact roles at the time of the announcement. Let everyone know that this is a work in progress and give a time frame within which all will be resolved.
  • Once the CFO is in place, the CEO and CFO should meet at least weekly to assure that the CFO has the support and resources needed to accomplish his/her responsibilities. All decisions within the CFO’s group, personnel responsibilities and any shifts in roles should come from the CFO, with the support of the CEO. This will help the new CFO to assimilate into the company more rapidly and will give him/her the authority needed to manage his/her organization.
  • The CEO may put the CFO in charge of areas that they want to delegate – accounting, administration, finance and contracts. The CEO should remain involved in banking relationships.

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How Do You Facilitate a Move to a New Space? Five Recommendations

Situation: A company has taken advantage of favorable lease rates to secure a larger space. How can they minimize work flow disruption during the move? How do you facilitate a move to a new space?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Plan the move in detail: electrical, intranet and telephone needs; office space and facilities; design or production space and facilities. If you can’t move everything over a short period of time – like a 3-day weekend – consider moving in steps, a series of discrete moves over time, each with its own requirements and timetable.
  • If you carry inventory, pre-build inventory to see you through critical steps of the move. If you have a major customer with strict delivery deadlines, try to negotiate a delivery window during which you can conduct the move. Determine if there is seasonality to order delivery that makes a particular time of year more convenient to move critical operations. Custom work will require special planning.
  • If you plan to upgrade equipment, consider purchasing, installing and operating the new equipment in the new location instead of your existing location.
  • If you will be leasing the new facilities and possibly be even if you are purchasing the facility, ask the new lessor or seller to provide cash to: (1) finance delayed shipments at a price discount and (2) cover expenses of the move and outfitting the new location to your needs.
  • Consider converting to a wireless intranet and telephone system to avoid the expense of wiring the new facility. Look at plug and go options.

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How Do You Access Key IP? 3 Steps to the Dance

Situation:  A company is moving from a specialty solution to a complete solution. They have identified a partner with intellectual property (IP) that will help them fulfill this vision. How should the CEO approach this company to access their IP? How do you access key IP?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • There are two aspects of any deal: technical feasibility that will produce both value and the emotional needs of the principals of each company. The technical aspects are the most straightforward and easiest to value. Frequently, a favorable deal hinges not on technical feasibility, but on the desires of the principals and their ability to trust one-another.
  • If you are convinced of the value, you must convince the other party that their best option is to work with you. This accomplished, you can negotiate the specifics. Sell your vision: the technologies together are much more valuable than they are alone: 1 + 1 = 5! If control of the technology is an issue, negotiate an arrangement where they are comfortable with your control. Do you and the other party have a trusted advisor in common or is there an individual who is respected by the principals of both companies? A person like this can help communicate your good intentions.
  • If your best efforts do not produce an appealing arrangement, your fallback position may be a partnership. If the partnership is backed by modest investment with options for future purchase, this can be another way for you to eventually gain control of the technology.

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How Do You Pay Sales Reps? Two Options

Situation: A CEO is considering two options to pay sales people – base/draw plus commission, or no base/draw and larger commission. What do other CEOs find most successful? How to you pay sales reps?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Align the sales incentive plans to company objectives. Two examples were offered, one of an aligned system and one of a dysfunctional system:
  • The aligned system. Sales reps are 100% commission (plus expenses) with no caps on income. They are measured by two sets of metrics. To keep their jobs, they have to achieve a minimum of 85% of their revenue goal. Fall below this and the rep is out the door. However, commissions are calculated on the gross profit achieved on sales, and reps are provided with software to calculate GP and commission. This company is the most successful in its market.
  • The dysfunctional system. Sales reps are paid a base plus quarterly commissions calculated on achievement of revenue goals. The net result was that reps had no incentive to preserve gross margins. The result was constant conflict between sales and finance. The situation only started to improve as reps’ commissions were converted to a combination of revenue and margin.
  • The Key Issue: What is the role of the rep within the sale? Is the rep a door opener or a closer? What percentage of the close is attributable to the rep? In a complex or staged sale, allocate commissions based on contribution to the close. Reps who can’t close are not as valuable as those who can.

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