What are the Three Clarities that Every Start-up Needs? Three Points

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Situation: Starting a new venture is a daunting task. You must determine market need and land your first few key customers on a tight timeline and budget. What are the most important areas of focus for the start-up CEO? What are the three clarities that every start-up needs?

  • The answer lies in the Three Clarities.
  • Clarity #1 – Deep Knowledge of Customer Pain Points. Your eventual success is not about the technology – it’s your ability to understand and address the needs of your customer. Research and talk to potential customers. Ask them about their pain and problems. What makes their job or lives difficult? Learning these facts takes time, patience, persistent questioning, and open listening both for what they are saying and what they are not saying. Once you have a clear idea about their need and can succinctly define it, you must determine whether your capabilities can address the customer’s need. Avoid talking about your product or solution until you clearly understand the customer’s need.
  • Clarity #2 – Understanding the Purchasing Behavior. Once you have identified your target customer, their need and your ability to meet that need, you must understand their current purchase behavior. Have they ever bought from a startup before? What happened when they did? Are they happy or unsatisfied? Where are the gaps in satisfaction? Particularly for a start-up without established credibility, it is critical to identify those purchasers who will take the risk to buy from a new company. From what you find, determine how you will frame a personal relationship with the likely buyer – how you will frame both your solution and the buying experience. Build a psychographic of the buyer so that you can quickly determine likely customer candidates.
  • Clarity #3 – Understanding the Decision-Maker’s Sense of Urgency. Who makes the purchase decision? In B2B sales is it the CEO or someone further down the organizational chart? Who approves the purchase budget? Why now? Do they have their ”hair on fire” so a decision must be made now? The essential question is: what are the alternatives to not having your solution?

Thanks to Naeem Xafar of Blitzerrmobile.com for his contribution to this article.

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How Do You Change Culture Without Losing Key People? Five Points

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Situation: A mid-sized Company is more than three decades old. The challenges are modernizing operations and updating company culture to keep pace with both competitors and customer expectations. The company also needs to diversify into new growth markets. Can they change the culture of the company without losing key people? How do you change culture without losing key people?

Advice:

  • Let people know that you value them. Consistently express your appreciation for what they do for the company, and don’t blame them for not being perfect. For them to be willing to grow as company culture changes, they need to feel safe – to understand that a change in culture does not mean the loss of their job.
  • Give employees consistent face time. Ask questions and seek their solutions instead of proposing your own. Involve them through collaboration. Tolerate the fact that their solutions won’t be exactly like yours.
  • Pick your battles. Select what you want to change and conserve your emotional capital. Think about what’s important and what’s not before you intervene. Let minor issues slide as long as they don’t impair schedules or performance.
  • Maintain an open door to all levels of the company. However, when an employee comes in with an issue or complaint, defer judgment to their manager. Never undercut your managers.
  • Your most important strengths will be patience and understanding. Stay mindful that change can be threatening, particularly if employees find it hard to see the big picture. Keep your themes and messages simple and repeat them as often as necessary to keep everyone focused.

Thanks to Cameron Tuck of ImperfectCEO for his contribution to this article.

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When Do You Focus on the Plan –  When Do You Adjust? Four Guidelines

Situation: The dynamics of an early-stage business require balance between focus and opportunity. Both are important in a dynamic business environment. The challenge is in the balancing act. When do you focus on the plan, and when do you adjust?

Advice:

  • Never allow friends to become statistics. Think of your customers as your friends. Often the most loyal and vocal friends were early adopters and got the company where it is today. They remain important participants in the conversation and should always be in focus.
  • When using social media to communicate to your audience, remember that this is a face-to-face conversation. This is a key point of focus. Remove as much friction from online interactions as you can. Make it as easy as possible for people visiting your web site to buy. This requires both live interactions with users and attention to detail. If a question keeps coming up, answer it; put the answer right up front on your web site where it cannot be missed. We’ve all made hundreds of tweaks, each tiny. Each has removed a point of friction. As the company grows it is easy to lose sight of these details. Never lose sight of details.
  • Much of what businesses face is transitory. It is important to stay nimble and not get stuck fighting the last skirmish. Early in our business history we found that a subscription service was difficult for institutional users like purchasing departments in schools to understand. We focused on fixing this.
  • Be careful not to chase bright shiny objects – opportunities that take you outside your principal market competence. Would you try to modify a hammer to put in screws? One company’s principal product is a communication device for kids with verbal challenges. Some have suggested that it could also be a teaching device. In the future there may be room in the company’s plan for a teaching device, but this will be addressed as its own market and application when the company is large enough to diversify.

Thanks to Phil Bookman of Assistyx for his contribution to this article.

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What Are The Keys to Negotiating an IP Acquisition? Six Considerations

Situation:  A Company is interested in acquiring either the intellectual property (IP) of another company or the company itself. The target is a minor division of a larger parent company. The CEO contacted the parent and confirmed their interest in a deal. What are the keys to negotiating an IP acquisition?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • It is essential to assure your rights to both current IP and future enhancements. This applies whether you or the parent is the final holder of the IP. Look for clear language as to what constitutes base IP, derivative IP and extensions of the IP. You want to preserve your interest in future derivatives and extensions that you create.
  • There is a material difference between your position and that of the parent of the IP. If the parent retains the IP, they also gain certain rights to IP extensions based on the current IP. If you own the IP, their potential rights to future IP are lost. If the parent feels that the IP has strategic value – whether or not they are currently taking advantage of it – this will be one of the more difficult aspects to the negotiation.
  • Are there options besides acquiring the IP? The parent can grant a fully paid license to the technology, with access to the people and assets, waiving residual rights to future IP extensions, and no restrictions on transfer. Another option could be a one-time royalty fee, which is a perpetual license.
  • As you perform your due diligence, try to get a sense of the parent’s motivations and concerns for entertaining your interest in the acquisition. This will help you to frame a deal that works for both parties.
  • If the parent has been an active licensor or seller of IP, look for lawyers who know the company. Try to secure one of these lawyers as counsel for your negotiation.
  • From a liability standpoint, it is better to buy or license the IP and technology than the company. Liability travels with the company. Part of your negotiation will be who inherits any carry-over liability.

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What is Agile Leadership? Five Perspectives

Situation: The environment continually becomes more complex for leaders. Not only must leaders perform classic roles, but they must also deal with increased uncertainty and change. How do you build a new leadership paradigm to address ongoing change? What is agile leadership?

Advice from the CEOs:

There are three challenges facing leaders today.

  • First, given that change is constant, what does the next likely settling point look like in your environment? How is this different from past settling points? Everything starts with your people. Once you determine the likely next settling point, conduct a capability inventory with your leadership team to determine whether you have the right people to handle the new reality. Can current members be trained to take on the new challenges? Do you need to add new talent and capacity?
  • Second, are your processes limiting or enhancing your flexibility? Do current processes encourage adaptability, cross-functional connection and communication. If not how will you change them? Deconstruct and reconstruct all critical processes to make them more agile, responsive and adaptable to current and future needs.
  • Third, how are you linking desired outcomes with rewards and incentives within the company? Growth in the past may have focused on building up infrastructure – adding more people and capacity. Now, knowledge management focused on tools and processes is required to make people more effective. Individualized assessment and reward structures have become an obstacle and have to be shifted to emphasize the importance of collaborative versus individualized performance.
  • Agile leadership and management focuses on reaching outside the boundaries of your own company. To deliver differentiated value suppliers and customers must be included in the exercise. It is necessary to reinvent engagement with suppliers and customers so that they are part of the collaboration.
  • The agile paradigm focuses on the unspoken needs of suppliers and customers. This takes the conversation beyond the transaction and includes quality, on-time delivery, and other differentiators that are mutually important. This can include competing for your competitors’ suppliers by being a better customer!

Thanks to Jorge Titinger, CEO of Verigy, Inc. for his contribution to this article.

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What are the Key Strategic Components of a Marketing Plan? Five Points

Situation: A CEO has decided that his top opportunities are to increase visibility and gain market share. As he focuses on these opportunities what are the areas on which he should focus as he builds his plan? What are the key strategic components of an effective marketing program?

Advice:

  • The best marketing plans don’t start with your company, product or service, They start with a focus on your customers and the benefits you can deliver to them.
  • The first step is to identify who your customers are. This can be challenging in B2B businesses. For example, for a company offering outplacement solutions, there are several possible customers: the HR department at the company seeking outplacement services; the CFO at these companies; the HR department at companies seeking good candidates; and the individuals who are going through outplacement and seeking new positions. Each of these audiences has different objectives, priorities and approaches. To succeed, the company needs to connect to each of them where they are and be prepared to offer effective solutions.
  • Once you have identified your target customers, the next step is to develop messaging and message delivery systems that capture and maintain their attention. The messaging must express a differentiation that is easy to grasp – something that clearly sets you apart from your competition.  In technology marketing, Apple’s Super Bowl commercial, with its man-versus-machine contrast, is one of the most famous examples of this.
  • Your campaign must consistently touch your potential customer base. Research suggests that this requires a minimum of 4-5 touches to effectively gain customer attention and to communicate your message.
  • Accompanying the messaging and the increased visibility that you seek, you must have an effective way to respond promptly and directly to customer interest or inquiries. Rapid and responsive follow-up are critical to success.

Thanks to Sanjay Sathe of Rise Smart for his contribution to this article.

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How Do You Respond to a New Competitor? Five Suggestions

Situation: A mid-sized company has learned that a much larger company is entering their geography and market niche. This company is known to enter new markets with a low pricing strategy to “buy” market share. How do you respond to this challenge? How do you respond to a new competitor?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Accept the fact that you will lose some business; particularly from customers who driven more by price than quality and service. The flip side is that these customers are likely not your best customers.
  • Research the reputation and business practices of the new entrant in their traditional territory. What is their reputation? What are their weaknesses? Do your homework by networking with their current competitors and customers.
  • Take a lesson from those who have survived a move by Walmart into their territory. Boutiques survive Walmart – especially those that focus on personal service. Upgrade your customer base based on personal service. Use your knowledge of the marketplace and your long term relationships to your advantage – including your reputation with existing customers when going after new customers. You may remain more profitable than the larger company, on a per transaction basis, based on your knowledge of the territory or business niche.
  • Don’t assume that all large companies are Walmarts. Walmart has a unique set of talents and a tightly controlled process. This may not translate to other markets – especially those involving personalized service.  
  • If you are a family business, consider promoting your “old world skill” and established reputation and expertise.

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How Do You Maintain The Focus on Your Plan? Five Suggestions

Situation: A company has both an annual and a 5-year plan. These are discussed both in company meetings and in 1-on-1s with managers. The CEO fears that she’s starting to sound like a broken record. How do you maintain the focus on your plan?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Break the 1-year plan into quarterly objectives. Don’t just divide annual objectives by four. Vary objectives for each quarter so that the total sums to the annual plan.
  • Create a series of milestones to guide the plan. Celebrate the achievement of each milestone. This helps to maintain momentum and keeps everyone engaged.
  • Establish metrics to assess progress against both the milestones and the plan. These will enable you to evaluate progress against the overall plan and the degree to which you are ahead of or behind the plan. It will also help to evaluate whether underperformance is a matter of externalities or a flaw in the plan itself. If there is a flaw, fix it as soon as you find it.
  • Evaluate your “worst case” scenario so that you know the implications. This enables you to compare current performance against “worst case.”
  • In his book “Good to Great,” Jim Collins found that an important difference between G2G and non-G2G companies was the ability of the G2G companies to maintain faith and to slowly build momentum regardless of the apparent obstacles faced. This allowed good companies to establish the momentum that eventually made them great. Non-G2G companies continually changed direction and never built sustainable momentum.

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How Do You Design an Effective Sales Model? Eight Points

Situation: A company is in the process of building an inside sales program to complement their outside sales capabilities. What are the most important strategic components of an effective sales model? How do you design an effective sales model?

Advice:

  • In a marketing/sales system, marketing is the precursor to everything. If you can’t effectively deliver your message to your audience, you have no lead generation machine and sales must resort to cold calls. In today’s online world, two of the key components of a marketing system are email and online campaigns, combined with tools for rapid and responsive follow-up.
  • In an effective system, the inside sales team has primarily responsibility for following up on leads. This team’s role is to qualify the prospect responding to the company’s marketing outreach. Is this person the right buyer for their company? If not, who is?
  • A strong rapport between inside and outside sales is important. If this isn’t present opportunities are being lost.
  • Has the company allocated an adequate budget to fund an outreach strategy? If not, when will they?
  • The most critical aspect of the inside sales rep’s role is to be an effective filter in collecting and passing data on to the field sales force.
  • Many inside sales reps fail because their performance is measured on the number of calls made, not on the quality of the calls, information gathered, closure rates, and the value of closures. Effective incentives for inside sales are based on the quality of data gathered and on the success of field sales in closing the leads they receive from inside sales.
  • The effectiveness of outside sales comes down to choosing the right people. The 80/20 rule applies here. Typically, one out of five field sales reps hired is truly successful, one is marginal, and three don’t make it. Hire based on past experience selling to the company’s target customer groups, subjective elements aligned with company culture, and careful reference checks.
  • For the CEO, attracting and hiring good people this individual’s most important role. 

Thanks to Sanjay Sathe, President & CEO, RiseSmart.com for his contribution to this article.

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How Do You Reset Pricing When The Landscape Changes? Four Parameters

Situation: A company sells customized products and sets pricing per product/per customer. A large client has proposed to purchase product rights across a number of products and uses. Their technology is early in its expected 5-year life span. How should the company set pricing for this customer? How to you reset pricing when the landscape changes?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Start with a series of questions: What is the value of your technology to the customer? How much competition do you face? What other solutions are available to the customer?
  • Based on this framework, ask contacts within the customer company open-ended questions that will reveal what is important to them including: What are their licensing objectives? What is their planned use of the technology? What protections do they seek? You need to understand these before you can make decisions on pricing.
  • There are several pricing scenarios: (1) Set up a scale with a declining pricing driven by volume. (2) Would they entertain a large lump sum payment now, non-transferable if the customer is acquired by another company? (3) Would they entertain a significant annual fee to cover a preset number of uses and volumes, with small increments for additional purchases? (4) Find out what the customer is willing to pay, but you set the terms. The final arrangement will depend on the answers to these questions as well as the priorities of the customer.
  • Ask what guarantees the customer desires to protect their position. This includes: the customer’s key risk factors and whether they want exclusive or usage rights. Exclusive is worth more.

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