Category Archives: Leadership

What are the Pro and Cons of Micromanaging? Three Observations

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Situation: A CEO is concerned about the performance of both her company and individual employees. The employees are good, but there are many minor details of day-to-day operation that the CEO feels are important and require her oversight. How involved should the CEO be in the details of the business? What ae the pros and cons of micromanaging?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The answer to this question depends on you. What is your own priority on the use of your time? How much do you want to be involved? How confident are you in the people whom you’ve hired? Are you comfortable delegating? Do you want to stay small or scale and grow? Your answers to these questions will help you to decide where and when to increase your involvement with or oversight of the business.
  • There are both good and bad aspects of involving yourself in details. The Good Side – it communicates that you are willing to roll up your sleeves and do what it takes to get the job done. The Bad Side – don’t do your employees’ jobs for them. This is demotivating and communicates a lack of trust in their abilities. If the workload is so demanding and the benefit so great, then secure additional resources to enable employees to get the job done themselves.
  • More broadly, remember the advice of many business gurus – you increase the value of your company by getting the “U” out of your bUsiness. You may enjoy the detail of the business. However, do not let this interfere with your long term objective of having others doing the “doing” while you mature your role as manager and leader.

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How Do You Find A-Players? Six Strategies

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Situation: An early stage company will be staffing-up over the next year. In the past the CEO has recruited individuals with big company experience and solid resumes, only to find that they had difficulty transitioning to the hands-on responsibility of a small company. How do you find candidates who are highly experienced but who can also excel in a small company environment? How do you find A-players?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The best candidates are not in the job-search pool. They are currently working but open to a change with new challenges. Some will wish to return to a more hands-on situation.
  • Let people know that you are looking for “the best” and have a great opportunity. Create some buzz. Go to your network and ask, “who do you know?” Don’t be shy!
  • Look for achievers – individuals with proven performance in companies of the size that you plan to be in 12-18 months and who are interested in the excitement of building that company. Check their references carefully.
  • What can the company do now, while seeking the right people? Use contractors and consultants. These people are more entrepreneurial, self-starting, and self-accountable. Monitor their work. If they are good, add them to your team as permanent employees.
  • Develop a milestone-based personnel plan as part of your business plan. For example when we hit Milestone A, we will need an operations manager. When we hit Milestone B, we will need channel or market development expertise.
  • Conduct case studies of how other companies in your or similar spaces have facilitated their scale-ups. What worked? What didn’t? Why?

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How Do You Encourage Managers to Work On vs. In the Business – Four Points

Situation:  A company’s CEO created five customer-centered divisions headed by Business Development Managers (BDMs) who oversee project management as well as business development in their markets. A year after implementation, the BDMs are more focused on managing their teams than on developing new business. How can the CEO enhance focus on business development? How do you encourage managers to work on vs. in the business?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • It appears that the BDMs are technicians. Business development (BD) isn’t their strength. People gravitate toward important/urgent activities in their comfort zone.
  • Supplement your staff with people who have a proven talent for business development. You may not need 5 people – 2 or 3 may be sufficient to support the BDMs.
  • What if our customers demand technical expertise in business development personnel? Make category expertise a requirement when hiring, in addition to experience in BD. There are specific traits that characterize successful BD personnel. Specify these traits in your hiring process and verify these abilities in candidates both by testing for these traits and through reference checks. Sandler Training has good tests for BD talent.
  • The BDMs are responsible for coordinating bidding and pricing. Should this responsibility be handed over to the new BD personnel? Not completely. You have two options. Option A – require BD personnel to coordinate with the BDMs when it comes to pricing and project delivery, or Option B – if you determine that the BD personnel need to be able to negotiate pricing on their own, tie their commission compensation 100% to margin on projects bid.

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How Do You Sell an Annual Plan? Five Points

Situation: A CEO has developed an annual plan. She wants ideas on the best way to communicate the plan to staff, secure buy-in and create accountability for execution. How do you sell an annual plan?

Advice of the CEOs:

  • Communicate your vision for the company and the future as a broad outline so that employees know how they can contribute. Create a picture so that they can see and support your vision. Ask for input on how to implement the plan. Since they will be doing the work, the best way to generate buy-in and accountability is for them to own the implementation plan.
  • You don’t have to share all details of the plan with everyone. If you communicate the plan in parts to those who will implement them, tailor the message to the person, and create individual objectives that will support the overall plan. Connect achievement of objectives to job evaluations.
  • Limit the number of objectives for each person – three key objectives plus one personal development objective. Have each employee develop activities to support achievement of their objectives.
  • Once objectives are in place, conduct regular meetings to review progress against plan and objectives, identify performance obstacles and solutions, and to reinforce the overall vision. The vision must be simple and direct. Consistently repeat and reinforce the message. Publicly recognize individual contributions that support the vision.
  • Establish metrics to track progress toward the vision. Stay on message with each person – focus on their goals and contributions. Be consistent in your words and actions and use them to reinforce the vision.

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Is it Better to Sell or Downsize? Four Perspectives

Situation: A company is losing money and has been approached about a merger. The CEO’s ideal outcome would be to get cash on the table, integrate with the merger partner and continue business. The other alternative – downsizing – may hurt company morale. What are the best options available? Is it better to sell or downsize?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The realities of mergers: 70% of mergers fail, and the merger process often leaves founders with a minority stake in the company. The experience of others with partners has been disappointing – it’s better to control your own destiny. Look at all alternatives before you jump into a merger. You founded the company and have brought it this far. The company will be a different company following a merger, and not the company that you founded or have led to date.
  • The message to your potential merger partner: Be a reluctant bride. “We are making improvements to return to profitability and I’ve joined a board of CEOs who are consulting me through the process.” If the partner sweetens the offer to keep the merger on the table, make sure that you get 51% of the merged company and retain control of your own fate.
  • Downsizing: Others have found the downsizing experience wrenching, but with more positive results than they expected. A 10% cut resulted in a 30% increase in productivity. Employees once thought to be critical were not missed post-layoff. The employees generally understood more about the situation than the CEO knew, and those remaining responded positively to a restructuring that allowed them to keep their jobs. Some companies used a layoff as an opportunity to cross-train employees and increase company flexibility.
  • Smoothing the layoff process: Communicate with the employees. Let them know the truth and share enough of the situation so that they understand. Challenge employees to come up with ways to save money or make processes more efficient and cost-effective. This can have a remarkable impact. Consider a cross-the-board salary reduction as a temporary alternative to layoffs. Position this as a layoff to restructure expenses – this keeps you on the right side of employment law. Obtain assistance from a personnel consultant who can help to handle the process effectively.
  • Smoothing the layoff process: Communicate with the employees. Let them know the truth and share enough of the situation so that they understand. Challenge employees to come up with ways to save money or make processes more efficient and cost-effective. This can have a remarkable impact. Consider a cross-the-board salary reduction as a temporary alternative to layoffs. Position this as a layoff to restructure expenses – this keeps you on the right side of employment law. Obtain assistance from a personnel consultant who can help to handle the process effectively.

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How Do You Coach a New Manager Who Isn’t Cutting It? Six Points

Situation: A CEO recently hired a new high level manager. To integrate the individual into the company the original set of assignments was limited in scope – to help the manager get to know others within the company. The new manager seems to overanalyze things. Long hours are spent carefully drafting plans but there is little action. How can the CEO manage this individual without micromanaging? How do you coach a new manager who isn’t cutting it?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • It looks like this person is working long but not necessarily productive hours. This is costing you time and money – both yours and your employees. The question is whether the root cause is the individual’s behavior or your own expectations and behavior. Ask yourself the following questions:
  • Have you clearly outlined your expectations in terms of what is to be delivered, the time in which it is to be delivered, and any constraints around the projects for which this person is responsible?
  • Have you provided the necessary resources and empowered the individual to make the decisions required to bring projects to completion?
  • Have you scheduled regular update meetings with this individual and openly discussed project progress and obstacles to completion?
  • Have you set appropriate expectations with your other staff as to the authority of the new individual? Are you honoring those expectations in your own behavior?
  • If you have done these things, and the individual is not performing, then it is time to ask whether you hired the right person.

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How Do You Draft a Fair Partnership Agreement: Six Points

Situation: A CEO is negotiating a partnership entity. Her company will fund the entity, and the partner will earn ownership through sweat equity. How do you draft a fair partnership agreement?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The most important factor is the ability of the two partners to create a successful venture.  Proof of ability to contribute needs to be a prerequisite to allocating ownership.
  • How does the sweat equity partner prove their capabilities? Create a schedule of milestones for the partner to earn ownership, based on mutually agreed objectives or revenue generation. The beauty of this is that you retain control until the partner has proven their value by delivering results.
  • The potential downside is long-term liability of the venture. The longer that you retain majority ownership, the longer you retain majority liability. Insure yourself against this liability.
  • Buyout clauses are important to retain your interest if the partner fails to deliver. Include a liquidation clause in case the venture fails.
  • While negotiating the agreement draw up a 6-month letter of intent. Specify what each side brings to the table and what each commits to deliver. Set clear, measurable, time-bound objectives. Negotiate fair protections desired by each party. Consider a consultant to facilitate settlement of areas of contention.
  • Theoretically, each party needs their own legal counsel. This adds expense but provides protections for each in the final agreement. Factor the cost of legal advice as well as consultant facilitation into your planning model.

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How Do You Make Time to Plan? Four Points

Situation: A CEO is up all night worrying that things are “too good”. Business has turned around positively in the last six months and she so focused on sales that she hasn’t had time to plan. How and when do you plan for growth? More basically, how do you make time to plan?
Advice from the CEOs:
• Think about the business cycle – the upswing, the peak and the downturn. On the upswing there is a tendency to be so focused on the day-to-day that there’s no time to spend testing the business environment or on long-term planning activities that are critical to sustained growth and success. If the CEO doesn’t take time during the upswing to evaluate new opportunities it’s easy to fall into the trap where planning occurs too late – after the cycle has peaked.
• After the business cycle has peaked, it is too late to take advantage of opportunities that were available during the upswing. Once the business cycle is in a downturn attention shifts to preservation and survival. The opportunity to reallocate resources to build alternative future scenarios has been lost.
• If there is pressure to bring on additional resources to handle the workload, set a timeframe to evaluate the situation – a few weeks or a month – and see if the pressure is sustained. If it is, have a plan in place to secure those resources. Do this with a clear head – not on impulse. Exercise discipline.
• Remember that leadership is the CEO’s job – not being immersed in the day-to-day. A leader keeps others immersed in and focused on the day-to-day.

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How Do You Improve Performance Reviews? Three Approaches

Situation: A CEO’s company sets objectives for employees; however these objectives frequently aren’t met. There are lots of excuses for not meeting objectives. Most frustrating, employees are eager to share good news, but hide bad news and performance issues. What have other CEOs done to prevent these problems? How do you improve performance reviews?
Advice from the CEOs:
• A service company instituted frequent measurement of performance against objectives. Top staff monitors key metrics in weekly meetings that last at most one hour. They use a problem solving approach to address obstacles and to correct performance. The CEO oversees the direction with staff making and instituting changes to correct low performance. The key is in the metrics. Metrics must measure meaningful performance and must be tied directly to company objectives.
• A light manufacturing company had a history of holding on to non-performing individuals for too long. The CEO addressed this by instituting objectives and eliminating non-performers. The result was reduced complacency and improved morale. Performing employees had been tired of taking up the slack for non-performers. Document non-performance and establish a solid case for eliminating the non-performing employee. Documentation is critical to avoiding wrongful termination suits.
• A general observation: if a company has objectives, but lacks either meaningful metrics to measure performance against objectives or a regular review process to assess performance against objectives, then the objectives are meaningless. The CEOs’ experience is that establishing meaningful SMART (Specific, Measurable, Appropriate, Realistic, Time-Bound) objectives and regularly assessing performance in a collaborative team atmosphere are the most important ingredients to an effective performance management system.

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How Do You Replace a Key Position? Four Points

Situation: The CEO is moving a key employee from head of engineering to a more customer development focus. To support this, she will have to bring in or promote another employee to fill the position of leader/supervisor/manager of the engineering group. The CEO seeks advice on the best way to approach finding a replacement for this key job. How do you replace a key position?
Advice from the CEOs:
• First, it is necessary to develop a timeline for finding and transitioning the replacement. Realistically, count on 6 months to find a replacement and transition the responsibilities to a new person.
• Keep in mind that anybody you find or promote will be different from the individual who currently occupies the position, and will not handle their new responsibilities the same way as the current individual. Their motivation and their approach to their new responsibilities will be different, at least at the outset, and they will not handle their responsibilities the same way that the current individual does.
• Seek an individual, either currently within the company or an outside hire with strengths that, over time, will add significant value to the organization. Prepare for this by brainstorming and developing a profile of the ideal candidate.
• If you have qualified candidates, the ideal person will come from within the organization. This has the added advantage of demonstrating to other employees that they, also, may become candidates for future positions to grow both their skills and income.