Category Archives: Manufacturing & Operations

What Is Your Bonus Plan This Year? Four Thoughts

Situation: A CEO is thinking about the end of the year and bonus plans for his company. It has been a difficult year between remote work and workplace COVID restrictions for those on-site. Recent moves by public and large private employers to mandate vaccination has some employees worried. The latest inflation reports are also of concern to many employees. The CEO wants to retain as many staff as possible. What is your bonus plan this year?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The CEO queued up a suggestion of a bonus in the 8% to 18% range depending upon performance on top of 10% 401K contribution. Several others agreed.
  • One CEO said that in a good year they award a 6% 401K match plus a bonus range of 10 -18% for non-commission personnel. They don’t offer bonuses for commissioned salespeople. Support staff get an 8-10% bonus.
  • Another CEO suggested that the CEOs plan was possibly over generous with a 10% 401K contribution. Given the current economy many employees may prefer cash.
  • This has been an exceedingly difficult year for most businesses with myriad challenges. As the economy reopens it will be as critical to hold on to high performing employees as it is bringing back previously laid-off employees or attracting new employees. Think in terms of recognition for those who have helped the business work throughout the year in additional to bonuses.

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How Do You Focus on Doing Things Right? Seven Recommendations

Situation: A CEO is concerned that her company is not as efficient or effective as it could be. Of the key activities where the company is focused, few have any obvious connection to the customer or the customers’ needs. How do you focus on doing things right?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Create a set of cost graphs to parallel the company’s revenue graphs. If these are put side by side, does it indicate that the company is doing some things that add relatively low value and profit? What happens if resources are shifted away from less valuable activity?
  • Concentrate resources on doing one profitable thing well. Become best in class at this one thing. This may both increase the value of the firm and help to focus future development.
  • Bring in a senior level marketing research person or marketing manager with marketing research experience to determine what the customer wants, how should the company compete, and what current customers may be willing to pay for its software.
  • Strengthen the primary product – it represents 90% of sales. This is where the company has the best understanding of both its customers and the market. Look at what it takes to become enterprise wide with the company’s largest customers. Expand vertical capabilities and build $1 million accounts to $5 million a year.
  • The company already has a diverse group of clients, many of whom are huge.
    • How deep is the company in each of these clients? It may be easier and less expensive from a sales standpoint to go deeper into these clients than to bring on new clients.
    • Look for ways to make current $1 million clients $5 million clients by selling what the company currently sell to more of their divisions and locations.
    • The key to executing this strategy is to listen closely to what clients’ needs are and adjust or customize the offering to better meet their needs.
  • Focus on solutions and reduce the cost of solution implementation. Consider becoming more vertical in one key implementation and become the best at that.
  • Create a relevant framework for the company’s strategy. For what purpose is it necessary to do the right thing? If the purpose is to exit in 2 to 3 years, this yields a very different strategy than if the objective to dominate the company’s market in a 5 to10 year period.

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How Do you Evaluate a New Opportunity? Five Views

Situation: A CEO has been approached about new opportunity. The company has been through some hard times, and the opportunity offers access to quick cash which would remedy the company’s debt exposure. A downside is that the deal would erode the company’s brand exposure because it would operate under another brand. How do you evaluate a new opportunity?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Carefully evaluate how this opportunity will impact current operations.
    • What percent of time and effort will the opportunity require? Will it compromise the company’s current operations?
    • The appeal is access to quick cash. However, if the bottom line isn’t sufficient to meet the company’s needs, walk away.
    • Given that the project would be under another brand, why not spend the time and resources growing the company’s brand?
  • Is there anything that could make the opportunity more appealing?
    • See if the other company is open to offering a piece of the business after a period of commitment.
    • Management control. Assure that the company’s principals would have the autonomy to make it work.
    • The ability to keep the company’s name visible and prominently cited in all joint projects.
  • Look at this opportunity the same way that the company evaluates other opportunities.
    • Opportunity to build brand presence.
    • Assure that the proposed project meets the company’s current rates of return, or if not at least the current dollar return per project.
  • Is this a way to get into larger projects more quickly with reduced risk? If so, negotiate this into the deal.
  • Bottom line:
    • The company is emerging from hard times nicely.
    • The company is building a strong brand and reputation in its target geography.
    • Stay the course and trust in the company’s abilities.
    • Take on projects from this new opportunity only if they help build the company’s brand and reputation with less risk than is currently carried.
    • There is no reason to entertain this opportunity if it reduces the company’s brand equity and/or carries the same or more risk than the company’s current project mix.

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How Do You Manage Conflicts of Interest? Four Tactics

Situation: A service company was acquired by a larger company. There are limited operational crossovers between the two, but where conflicts of interest arise the acquirer seems uninterested in addressing these. How do you manage conflicts of interest?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Within the company it is necessary to clarify what can be done autonomously and what must be done with the acquirer’s support.
    • Where the company sees issues it can develop a recommended set of actions that will avoid pain – particularly where its systems are more developed than those of the acquirer.
  • Reconstruct the acquirer’s motivations for the acquisition.
    • Was their objective synergy or portfolio diversification? If it was a synergy play, then more structure and integration are needed.
    • From observed behavior, it looks more like it was a portfolio diversification strategy. In this case they will expect the company to continue to perform as a quasi-independent structure, but under their umbrella.
    • Given this, where do possible market synergies between the companies exist? Look for these and develop mutually beneficial alternatives.
  • The CEO feels a responsibility to his company’s staff, assisting them to be more comfortable within the current situation.
    • If the analysis of the acquirer’s motivations rings true, then share this with the company’s staff. If this is the case then they should not be seeking a lead from the acquirer but should concentrate on maintaining what company has done well over the years.
  • What options are available for CEO?
    • It is possible to maintain status quo. The company is getting new business and performing well.
    • On the other hand, if the CEO is acting in the leadership role with decreasing focus and interest, this will not bode well for the organization or staff.
    • In the latter case, set a timeline and date for departure. This can be some time out but should be comfortable for the CEO.
    • Communicate this timeline to acquirer and when the time is right offer to help look for a successor.

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What Do You Gain by Buying Out a Co-founder? Six Points

Situation: A CEO founded his company with a long-term friend. For several years, this co-founder has contributed little and has proven to be difficult with key employees. In an important sense, the co-founder has become a distraction. A challenge is that the co-founder is a significant shareholder. What do you gain by buying out a co-founder?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • First and foremost – peace of mind. While the CEO and his allies control a majority of shares there is no guarantee that this remains the case. Long-term it can cause headaches to have a large block of shares in the hands of someone who could be hostile. The challenge is gaining control of a solid majority of shares at a reasonable price.
  • How is the value of the co-founder’s shares determined?
    • In most minority interest situations, minority interest is discounted because it is of limited value to a non-company purchaser. While it may be necessary to pay a premium to gain controlling interest in the company, this will be a premium over the discounted minority interest value, not over the fair value for all shares.
  • There are two aspects to a purchase: price and terms. It is acceptable to accept the co-founder’s price, but insist on favorable terms, e.g., 10 years to pay at 5% interest.
    • Set the terms so that the company guarantees the payment, not the CEO personally.
  • At this point the co-founder is a disruptive force within the company. Act now before more damage is done.
    • As to order of business, take action with respect to the co-founder first, then negotiate the purchase of his shares after he is no longer an employee.
    • Be sure to communicate the decision effectively to the other employees. Speak to the long-term strategic value of the company, the CEO’s vision for the company, and a determination to build the company into a viable entity with a range of customers and growth opportunities for the team.
  • Important steps as you move forward:
    • Have a plan.
    • Speak to an attorney – the company should pay but this is the CEO’s attorney, not the company’s attorney. Assure that as CEO you limit personal exposure and do things appropriately.
    • Assure that the employees understand and support this action and that they clearly understand the plan going forward.
    • Offer the co-founder a more generous severance package than would ordinarily be considered prudent.
    • Fire the co-founder as soon as plans are in place and announce a Board Meeting 30 days hence to discuss the management restructuring.
  • As a final note, this is one of the most difficult things that must be done by a CEO. The co-founder has been a long-term friend. Nothing about this is easy. It is likely to get more painful before it gets better. In the long run, however, this can be better for both individuals. Work toward that objective.

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What’s Your Exit Strategy – Both Timing and Price? Four Considerations

Situation: A CEO is considering an exit strategy for the company that she founded. The company has been very successful, and the CEO wants to optimize the value of the company on sale. She seeks advice on how to both maximize the company’s value and how to best prepare for a sale. What’s your exit strategy – both timing and price?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Value is tied to revenue and profit growth. Revenue growth is based on expansion of the customer base and reshaping the product offering to optimize its market appeal.
    • Consider a usage-based price for the offering. Accompany this with a range of usage offerings based on current customer use patterns.
    • Consider tiered pricing or pricing/use to access lower tiers of the market.
    • Consider bundled products, for example along with complementary products of another company with whom marketing partnerships could be formed.
  • As part of the valuation exercise, determine the best exit strategy and timing:
    • Identify the companies that could be buyers.
    • In each case, identify why they would buy the company.
    • The most compelling reason to purchase the company will be strategic, not financial.
    • Identify the key decision maker in each of the potential buyers.
    • Also identify any factors that would make the company less desirable to any potential acquirers and develop remedies for these.
    • This exercise may help to plan the timing and to understand more about the price that could be fetched.
  • To appeal to a buyer, optimize the organizational chart.
    • If the CEO occupies too many seats on the chart this presents a substantial risk to an acquirer if the founder leaves.
  • Evolve the organizational structure to support growth.
    • If there is no compelling reason to sell in the near term, then staff the company with professional marketing, financial talent, and so on.
    • A lack of talent in key positions limits both the company’s growth and its appeal to potential buyers.
    • In the case of this company, the most important hire will be in marketing. Note that marketing does not equal sales. The company is creating a market and convincing people to change their habits. This is a marketing task, not a sales task.
    • If the analysis of the factors mentioned above determines that now is time to sell, then stay slim.

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How Do You Optimize the Business Model? Four Suggestions

Situation: A company works on a project basis, and the CEO is concerned that the return per project is too low. She is looking for ways to boost the return per project without substantially increasing project risk. How do you optimize the business model?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • What are the risks and potential upsides surrounding the projects?
    • The principal risk is long-term liability, connected with residual liability following project completion.
    • This risk can be mitigated by purchasing a wrap policy; however, this can cut into the profit generated by the project.
    • It is possible to build scale more quickly with larger projects. The percentage return may be lower, but the dollars can be higher.
  • What are the principal components of the company’s time risk?
    • Higher cost of money and greater exposure to fluctuations in prices and interest rates over the project period.
    • This risk can be mitigated using financial derivatives particularly over longer-term projects.
  • How broad is the company’s geographical scope?
    • Currently customers are within a 30-mile radius of the company’s office primarily because company personnel are frequently at the client’s site.
    • This area will broaden as the company’s reputation becomes known.
    • Consider the creation of branch offices to extend the breadth of the company’s service area.
  • What are the key variables that the company faces completing projects?
    • Payment is not received under current contracts until a project is completed.
    • This can be mitigated by creating milestones with payments due at the completion of each milestone.
    • It may be worthwhile sacrificing a level of project profit in return for more frequent payments to boost the company’s cash flow.

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When Should You Bring in External Resources? Four Suggestions

Situation: A company provides market research, technical assistance, and related services for clients. It receives most of its work from proposals. Both writing successful proposals and carrying out the work of accepted proposals are critical capabilities. Should they bring in external resources to increase the number of proposals submitted? Where should these resources be focused?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Identify the most critical tasks that contributed to proposals that have been awarded.
    • Determine, between writing and editing, which tasks are most critical. Focus internal resources on these tasks and seek outside resources to assist with the less critical tasks.
    • Provide incentives to those who write grants that are awarded.
  • What portions of the proposals could be written using external resources?
    • Background information, including corporate history, tends to be repetitive between proposals. However, this material is also difficult for an outsider to master.
    • One option is to secure outside resources that will commit to the company for a long time. These resources would have the time to learn and master the historical data.
    • Another option is to use the company’s database to store and code historical data. These data could then be managed by a less expensive internal resource and collected with appropriate filters for each new proposal that arises.
  • Codify the repetitive source material in a database. Secure software that makes it easy to filter and recall selected data for the writers of new proposals.
  • An alternative to using outside resources is to develop an internal coordinator who is master of this database and who is responsible for gathering appropriately filtered data to support the efforts of the company’s proposal writers.
    • By taking care of this portion of the proposal writing task, it will be easier to find enthusiastic project leaders to take on the more creative aspects of new proposals.

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How Do You Get and Keep the Right People on the Bus? Four Solutions

Situation: A company is experiencing an employee turnover rate of 12%, vs. a company target of 6-7%. This has occurred due to a change in the company’s business environment during the recent downturn as they sought to optimize business practices. Long term employees no longer felt like the office was the “same place.” How do you get and keep the right people on the bus?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Turnover has been a problem principally in the home office – the largest office – but has not been a problem across the rest of the country.
    • Has the company looked at what works in the other regions, vs. what has not been working in home office?
    • Could the problem be related to size and structure of the home office operation? The home office has 55 people whereas the other regions are composed of smaller working groups of 12-15 employees. Does it make sense to look at smaller working sub-groups within the home office, or some different structure that more closely mirrors the regions with low turnover?
  • What can be done to boost morale in the home office?
    • Try creating smaller working teams to mirror the smaller team atmosphere of the other regions.
    • Create a “small office” atmosphere. Build walls to visually separate subgroups – creating their own “space” to foster subgroup affiliation and bonding.
    • Increase the autonomy of the subgroups – and enhance the career path possibilities within the subgroups.
    • Focus on successes, what the “Teams” are achieving, and the contributions that they make to customers and the company. Express Team successes in terms of the impact that they’ve had on customers.
    • Look at the Olympic Team model – individual performers who support each other ferociously to accomplish Team performance goals.
  • Create a visual mural on a large wall representing – perhaps with some humor added – the vision of growth for the company and the opportunities that will accompany this growth.
  • Ask the home office team for input on how to build strong functioning teams or challenge them to define and build the teams.

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How Do You Motivate a High-potential Individual? Five Points

Situation: A CEO has a high-potential manager who heads a remote office of the company. This individual seems most comfortable with hands-on work, but the CEO believes that she has the talent to grow into a superb manager with broader responsibility within the company. How do you motivate a high-potential individual?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The key is the motivation and ambition of the individual. Without this the individual will not make a successful move in the direction that is sought. Understand and respect her goals and interests.
    • Two books by William Ury may help: Getting to Yes and Getting Past No.
    • The potential danger is the Peter Principle – that the individual will get promoted to their level of incompetence.
  • Does this individual have a talented subordinate who could take on additional responsibility – to back-fill for her as she takes on new responsibilities?
    • The process of training an individual like this will become an important growth exercise for her as a manager.
  • If the individual agrees that she wants more responsibility, look for a mentor for her, or hire a trainer to work with her to facilitate the process.
  • If she is amenable to the move that the CEO envisions, establish written SMART objectives to guide her development and assumption of new responsibilities. This will give her a road map to success.
    • SMART Objectives – Specific Measurable Attainable Relevant and Time-bound
  • If she prefers her current track and responsibilities to the vision that the CEO has for her, the CEO may want to develop her subordinate to fill the desired role.
    • There are many cases in which a talented subordinate has surpassed not just one but many of their supervisors.

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