Category Archives: Team

How Do You Maintain Your Culture as You Grow? Five Points

Situation: A company has been growing well and has developed a solid culture. Currently a key individual has decided to leave the company and has said that he is uncomfortable with the company’s culture and values and feels that he could make more money elsewhere. This has caused the CEO to question how he maintains the company’s culture. How do you maintain your culture as you grow?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The individual who is leaving was the wrong person for the company. The company is lucky that he is leaving.
    • As this individual departs the company, conduct an exit interview and listen closely to what he has to say.
  • Develop a simple statement of the company’s culture. This is not the current vision and mission but is a statement that represents the core values to be maintained by the company and staff.
    • This will help to identify and evaluate new people as they are brought onboard.
    • It will also help to guide the company as it faces both new opportunities and the numerous business choices that will be encountered in managing both current business and future growth.
    • As an example, J&J’s “Credo” starts: “We believe our first responsibility is to the doctors, nurses and patients, to mothers and fathers and all others who use our products and services. In meeting their needs everything we do must be of high quality.”
    • This statement of values guides everything that J&J does and saved them as they formulated their response to the Tylenol scare.
  • The team leads are the key to cultural fit. They determine whether the culture of their teams is consistent with the culture of the company.
  • Look at the culture of subgroups within the company. These have a huge impact and represent areas where the company truly excels.
    • Microsoft excels at managing software development but does not have the skill set to manage networks – nor do they care to develop this. Focus on what the company’s leadership are staff are best at doing.
  • From what has been said, it appears that the company was founded:
    • To create a professional work environment – to the founder’s standards; and
    • To be of uncommon value to the company’s clients.
    • If leadership conforms to these two standards, they will guide decisions about new opportunities and directions. Either a particular choice fits these standards, or it does not.

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Do You Diversify or Stay the Course? Five Thoughts

Situation: A CEO seeks advice on the direction of her company. Her objective is to build a lasting company which is a wonderful place to work. She has a creative group of employees who have suggested options to expand the scope of the company. Should she maintain the current direction or entertain exploration of these options? Do you diversify or stay the course?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • With a solid, sustainable business model and the current level of revenue, diversification is not as important as it was when the company was a fraction of its current size. Current objectives could well be reached by just doing more of what the company does now.
  • The most important question to ask is: “What do we want from this or that option?”
  • Concerning the top opportunity under consideration, the group felt that:
    • It’s not the company’s core business and doesn’t play to the company’s strengths.
    • However, there are aspects of the opportunity that fit both the company and the existing client base. These represent an opportunity that fit’s the company’s culture.
    • Explore these aspects in small steps that do not detract from the current business.
  • If culture is a key ingredient of the company’s offering, how scalable is this, particularly into new markets? Look for ways to grow that are consistent with the strong culture that already exists.
  • Improve selling the full breadth of the company’s offering. The company offers many services that may be of interest to clients, but which are not mentioning in initial sales calls.
    • In sales presentations focus on the client, rather than a detailed description of the service offering. Offer clients a small brochure that covers the range of the company’s services.
    • By focusing on clients’ needs it is easier to selectively mention options that will serve these needs.

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What is Your 10-Year Growth Plan? Four Points

Situation: A CEO is building a 10-year growth plan for her well-established company. Options include building the company on its current track, growing through purchase of another company, or merging with another company. What are the most important considerations for each option? What is your 10-year growth plan?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Considerations to start the process:
    • When acquiring another company or merging, the value is the reputation, relationships, and good will of the other firm. This may be more expensive but can provide a head start in the new market.
    • Perform an ROI analysis of build vs. buy. Estimate what it will cost to build. Compare this to what others are asking for their firms. In both cases generate a 5-year cash flow forecast. Discount future cash flows using the company’s desired rate of return – for example the company’s PBDI&T target – as the discount rate.
    • Also compare the relative risk of each option.
  • Build Option:
    • It’s not necessary to recreate the full home office operation.
    • Start small – sales, support, or maybe just an address.
    • Do the actual work at the home office until sufficient business is generated at the new site to support a larger local operation.
  • Buy Option:
    • Look for a company with a good local reputation, who shares the acquiring company’s values, but who wants to sell.
    • This option provides staff, relationships, and a reputation in place. They will already know the local code.
    • Structure a deal for long-term value to the owner. The ideal is to pay as much as possible with future rather than current dollars, with a premium for high retention of personnel and business
  • Spend some time in a new area and get to know it before deciding. If the company already does some business in the new locale, this simplifies the decision.
    • Some locales have been found by others to require a local head of the office who is from the area – who “talks the local talk and walks the local walk.” This will be the case whether the decision is to build or to buy.

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Do You Need a Formal Marketing Function? Four Points

Situation: A small company serves a specialized, targeted group of customers. The founder/CEO seeks advice from the group on whether it is time for the company to create and staff a formal marketing function or can this be outsourced. Do you need a formal marketing function?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The company services a specialized and targeted group of customers. However, they target the high end of this market, so the target market is smaller.
    • A highly targeted promotional and marketing strategy will work best.
  • There are two principal functions within marketing: providing direction to guide product development efforts and creating awareness of the company’s products through promotions and advertisements.
    • To serve a narrow market, the information and insight gathered from trade shows, technical meetings, the company’s sales and design engineers may be sufficient to drive product development efforts.
    • It may not be necessary to do more than this unless the company is planning for substantial growth and wishes to diversify the product offering in a short period of time.
  • To handle promotions and advertising there are two options: hire an individual to do this or utilize the resources of an outside agency.
    • The marketing plan should be refreshed and updated on a regular basis – at least annually.
    • A good task for the company’s marketing committee is to become aware of local resources that could help.
    • Identify marketing themes to guide advertising in specialty magazines, supported by trade shows, technical conferences, and on-site training session for key customers.
    • Create and maintain a calendar of marketing activities and assure that that messaging is consistent across promotional events.
  • If the strategic plan calls for substantially increasing the revenue base or broadening the product offering, consider a merger with a competitor that already has the ability and resources to meet these needs.
    • Just the planning exercise for a merger will help the company to evaluate the issues involved in market expansion.

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How Do You Prepare for Sale of the Company? Six Points

Situation: A company’s founder and CEO wants to sell the company. The company’s software is well-suited to current governmental priorities and should be of value to potential buyers. What are the best steps to take both to prepare for a sale and to sell at the highest price? How do you prepare for sale of the company?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Add a person with connections to potential buyers to the board.
  • Look for an M&A specialist who knows the company’s market.
    • The right specialist will help validate the valuation of the company, review and identify potential purchasers, and make the inquiries that will lead to the sale of the company.
  • Investigate M&A cases in the industry and related technologies – both cases of firms like the company and cases of companies that may be suitors to determine their purchasing behavior.
    • This will help develop strategies to maximize the value of the company and the optimal bargaining position and will help prepare for negotiations.
  • Maximize the value of the company in preparation for the sale.
    • The fastest business growth may come from within the company’s current customer base – additional business customers where the company already has contacts.
    • Work up the food chain within existing customers to increase the company’s business within these companies.
  • Important preparations for a sale:
    • Assure that financial records are very clean. These are critical during the price-setting process and in negotiating the final price.
    • In computing company valuation, exclude the salaries of current principals to improve the income statement. These individuals will be replaced post-sale with lower-paid employees.
    • Continue to operate the company as though there will never be a sale. This maintains the value of the company regardless of what happens.
  • How open should be the company be – internally and externally – concerning a potential sale of the company.
    • Be as honest and open as is prudent. The biggest concern will be salespeople who may leave the company if they feel threatened by a sale, or who may stop selling because they do not want to try to explain the situation to prospects.
    • The other “at risk” group is developers, who may fear that they will be replaced or terminated following a sale and who may leave.

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What are the Pros & Cons of In-House Software Development? Three Points

Situation: A company used internal resources for a small in-house project – developing web-based time sheets. They had obtained bids for external development but found that internal resources could do the same time for about half of what external development would cost. The trade-off was slow delivery. What are the pros & cons of in-house software development?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Why was delivery slow?
    • When faced with a choice in priority between the internal development task vs. responding to the needs of external customers, internal delivery was pushed back in time.
  • This is exactly what others have experienced when faced with the choice between internal and external software development. Look at the trade-off, not just in terms of “cost” quoted by internal developers, but also in terms of opportunity cost. The real cost is what these resources could have provided had the same time been spent to support external revenue-producing projects.
  • Just as the company did in the first place, get external bids. If the use of internal resources is an option, compare time to delivery forecasted using internal resources plus any other internal costs. Then analyze the opportunity cost of not dedicating these resources to revenue-producing activity. The sum of these costs should then be compared with external bids. Adding opportunity cost to the analysis can make a big difference.
  • Once the company has this information, make a business decision as to the best choice. Keep in mind that unless the priorities of the internal group doing the development work are changed, they may not respond to the needs of the internal project on a timely basis. It will be the CEO’s call as to whether the developers prioritize their time to support external projects or the internal project.

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How Do You Manage Company and Board Dynamics? Four Points

Situation: A company started as a collaboration of friends. Upon incorporation the leader became the CEO, and some of the original team became members of the Board. The CEO struggles with the responsibilities of being CEO while wishing to maintain the friendships that drive the company. How do you manage company and board dynamics?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • While the company was formed as a collaboration of friends, once it incorporated the nature of the relationships necessarily changed. While away from work the CEO may remain friends and close to the others; however, within the company there must be one CEO who is responsible to the shareholders for operating the company according to that individual’s vision. If the CEO and company are successful, all will be rewarded.
    • Shareholders are not partners – a partnership entity is inherently different from a corporate entity based on share ownership.
  • Within a corporate structure, majority control is critical.
    • While one should never trample on the rights of other shareholders, having 51% is better than having 47% ownership. Majority ownership makes it unnecessary to assemble a majority to drive the company in the direction that the CEO seeks.
    • That said, it is important to encourage the ideas and creativity of minority shareholders who are also employees. There is an art to recognizing and incorporating the ideas of others while the CEO, in the end, maintains final say.
  • The CEO’s job – and preferably within a small company as both Chairman and CEO – is to develop the CEO’s vision of the company and drive this through the organization.
  • Having a key employee report to the Board rather than to the CEO is likely a mistake. Employees do not do well long-term reporting to a committee.

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How do You Develop and Retain Talent in a Competitive Market? Six Points

Situation: A company must acquire new engineering talent to sustain its growth. However, there are few local engineers who are experienced in company’s key technologies, and the cost of living in the company’s location makes it difficult to bring in new talent. The CEO is considering developing a remote office where there are experienced engineers that they could attract to the company. How do you develop and retain talent in a competitive market?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • There are a number of issues to consider: location, management of the culture, leadership and potential unintended consequences that must be mitigated.
  • The COVID pandemic has forced companies to adapt to remote employees. Has this been considered as an option?
    • High definition, large screen systems can be set up for $2-3,000 per site.
    • Web cams, projectors, etc. can be set up for several hundreds of dollars per site.
    • Add to this design and analysis tools, with technology for prototyping.
  • Consider where within the organization the remote people will fit?
    • How will the organizational structure impact the integration of design engineering and manufacturing engineering?
    • What policies and procedures are needed to assure that there is no clash?
  • How will leadership be implemented for the remote group?
    • One CEO feels that there must be a sponsor from the home office to assure smooth and consistent transfer of company culture to the remote operation. This may take 1-2 years to achieve.
    • Another CEO hired a qualified individual locally for their remote operation. The important point was that this company has a very tight process and found that they could package this process sufficiently so that the new individual could pick it up quickly.
  • Look at developing a remote office as essentially the same challenge as a mini-acquisition. Like an acquisition, the key resource being gained is new talent. Think through the integration process and trade-offs as though it were a new acquisition.
  • Developing a remote location can be a good solution for advancing the company’s ability to outsource. It will teach the company:
    • How to design using a combination of internal and remote resources,
    • What infrastructure is needed in terms of policies and protocols around designs, and
    • What works from a communications standpoint to assure knowledge transfer between sites.

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How Do You Manage Growth in a Difficult Economy? Seven Suggestions

Situation: A CEO’s company has struggled due to difficult business conditions during the last year. Top among the challenges has been poor execution in hiring quality people, not because they weren’t available, but due to uncertainty. He is also concerned about infrastructure issues, particularly in IT. How do you manage growth in a difficult economy?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Focusing on IT, a key element for success in IT is having a clear definition of company needs. How does IT serve the company? What are the goals and objectives of the IT system? What kind of load must it be able to handle? What aspects of the system are most critical to company success?
  • Finding quality talent with the necessary experience is a challenge; particularly if solid goals and objectives haven’t been developed.
  • One CEO shared success managing IT. The company hired two IT professionals and had them report to an internal committee. This committee then communicated effectively with management.
  • Another CEO observed that some IT people look at their job as a process rather than a function; they just show up and fix things. Management of IT was improved by establishing clear objectives and holding the IT staff accountable for their performance against these objectives.
  • Another CEO told the story of terminating their IT person due to lack of consistency. IT must operate under management oversight, with clearly defined goals and objectives, and accountability.
  • Outsourcing some IT functions can help if used with care. On-site staff can focus on system maintenance and fight the inevitable fires.
  • IT costs should be thoroughly reviewed. They can be expensive. Look at IT costs as a percent of sales and compare expenditures with others in the industry sector.
  • Take a similar approach with other functions needing attention.

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How Do You Change the Culture of a Company? Five Points

Situation: A newly hired CEO finds that the company is struggling. Employees are not responsive to customer queries. Calls aren’t being returned on a timely basis. Employees are reactive instead of proactive. There is a “just getting by” mentality. How do you change the culture of a company?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The CEO is the culture of the company.
    • Bring the company together – show them the numbers. Let them know what’s going on. Ask for their help after sharing information.
    • Bring a vision for the company – what it can be – and put it on the table.
    • Daily, walk around with a cup of coffee. Talk to people. Ask questions and encourage their input.
  • The CEO must set the vision / mission for the company and be the evangelist supporting this vision.
    • Until this is done, employees have no reason to change.
    • It is critical to build a strong culture that people want to be a part of.
    • Culture change may require replacement of some of the staff – over time.
  • The cultural problems that are being described are symptomatic of a deeper problem.
    • The current situation grew from the values of the founder. The founder hired people who supported his vision. Fortunately, he hired people who created much of the unique value that is in the company today. Something was being done right. The challenge is to shift the culture without losing that value.
  • Consider “divisionalizing” the company.
    • Create an R&D division under the Founder / CTO. This will give him his own sandbox and may enable the company to save what was being done right.
    • At the same time, protect the rest of the company from day-to-day interference.
    • Dividing the company into divisions under strong leaders can help to shield the rest of the company from the source of the issues.
  • Another CEO was in the same place that is being described. He had a vision that he thought was shared by the company. In reality there was none. Establishing a vision and enlisting the company in the vision takes work. The CEO as evangelist must continually repeat the message of the vision.
  • Change in a manufacturing environment starts from the floor. Get the operators and technicians involved in the process of changing the culture. Look for “secret champions” who are responsive to these efforts. Create teams (with the secret champions as leaders or key players) and let them champion improvements.

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