Author Archives: Sandy

About Sandy

Publisher, Ceo2Ceos.com Adjunct Instructor, Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute

How Do You Prepare and Engage in an Effective Negotiation? Five Points

Situation: The CEO of a company is engaged in an important negotiation. There is a debate within the management team regarding the best way to prepare and engage in this negotiation. How do you prepare and engage in an effective negotiation?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • In any situation where a decision between two parties is to be decided preparation is critical.
    • Start with the basics. What is the bottom line that the company wants or needs to achieve?
    • Once the bottom line is identified, determine the strategy and what will be required to achieve this.
  • The most important question is why an agreement is being sought. What is the objective and what does a win or a win-win look like? How are they different if they are?
  • When meeting with the other party, listen with understanding.
    • Start by establishing norms to govern the discussions. These may include: one person speaking at a time, being up-front about objectives and positions, and the length of the discussion.
    • Avoid the distraction of thinking about the next move – know the possible moves in advance as well as the conditions and consequences associated with them.
    • Be prepared to tell the story of where the company wants to go any why the goal is important for both parties.
  • Good decisions between parties are based on trust.
    • Be trusting until given a reason not to be.
    • Point out items or statements that challenge trust and ask for clarification.
  • A Peer-to-Peer approach is the best alternative.
    • Look for equal give and take. Keep the conversation and negotiation balanced.
    • Don’t start with your real bottom line. Ideally, work with the other party in give and take until it is achieved.
    • Be willing to walk away if the discussion won’t fulfill the company’s needs; but if this is necessary, do it courteously. Leave the door open for possible future opportunities.

[like]

How Do You Evaluate Financing Options? Seven Key Points

Situation: A start-up company needs to raise cash to fund the achievement of key milestones. The founders have evaluated private equity, angel, and venture capital financing options. They believe that at their stage of development an angel is the best source of funds. What guidance can the group offer for negotiating with a private financier? How do you evaluate financing options?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The important questions to answer are: who is the angel, what is the angel’s motivation, and what does the angel bring to the table?
  • What is the angel bringing to the table?
    • Is it money and connections? Who and how many people will be involved?
    • Do these individuals bring the expertise to take business to the next level and beyond?
  • Identify the strengths and weaknesses of the angel’s organization. Ask about other companies that the angel has financed. Talk to those companies about their experience with the angel.
  • Ask how long the angel plans to stay connected to the company.
    • Is the angel committed for the long-term or looking for a quick profit or exit and sale?
    • What happens after the angel leaves?
  • Validate statements made by and the experience of the angel.
    • How may IPOs has the individual or group been involved in?
    • What existing contacts do they have with additional potential funders or buyers?
    • Vet all of the claims and statements made by the angel.
  • Evaluate equity vs. cash funding and the prospects and terms that accompany future funding rounds.
  • What is the company’s long-term strategy?
    • Do the founders want to stay the course long-term or is it sale of the company to another entity?

[like]

How Do You Maximize Company Value & Strategic Positioning? Five Points

Situation: A CEO has a young company in a very favorable strategic position. The Founders have bootstrapped the company and it is currently on the “blade” of the growth hockey stick. How can the Founders maximize the value of the company as they grow it? How do you maximize company value and strategic positioning?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • What are company’s principal challenges and goals?
    • Over time, as the market begins to mature, there will be more competition and margins will drop.
    • Before this happens organize the company for maximum value, and build additional products and/or services that will maximize company value.
  • Hire managers to manage on-going business while devoting top management time to strategic market expansion and building new products and/or accompanying services.
  • Perform a strategic analysis focused on the long-term plan and building equity value. Plan a future that will optimize the company’s strategic position while increasing cash flow and equity value.
  • Anticipate, plan and organize for the he most likely coming changes to the market.
  • Consider starting a second company to compliment the value and products of the current company. For example, if he company is best at a key technology, start a second company to provide accompanying services that will enhance the value of the technology. Having done this, future options open up to either combine the two companies or to let them grow on complimentary paths.

[like]

 

How Do You Position a Company for Value and Growth? Six Points

Situation: A CEO wants to set up her company for long-term growth in value. The business has favorable margins relative to competitors and high cash flow. It is currently single-site but has a good model that could be expanded to multiple sites. How do you position a company for value and growth?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Paint a picture of growth and cash flow. Use this picture to inspire both the home site and remote sites as they are developed.
  • Develop and demonstrate a Growth Model. It is important to demonstrate the success of the model so that it can be replicated in remote locations.
  • Get multiple sites up and running as proof of a profitable growth model.
  • As the company moves to a multi-site model, assure that each site manager has a financial interest in the success of the site. Develop a compensation system that rewards the manager for both growth and profitability. Develop a complimentary system that rewards key site personnel.
  • Develop additional products and accompanying services. These can be sold to current customers as well as new customers at the home and remote sites to boost growth.
  • As the model grows use the improved cash flow to buy other companies that are complimentary or expand the capacity of the existing company.

[like]

What Should You Look For in Selling a Company? Eleven Points

Situation: The owners of a company wish to sell the company. The CEO is 50% owner and some senior employees are partial owners. Ideally the CEO wants to maintain the company’s culture for the good of the employees. What should the CEO look for in an acquiring company or a merger? What pitfalls should be avoided?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Key Considerations – Define the exit objectives. Understand that pursuing an exit will take time away from other activities. Know your buyer’s team.
  • Stakeholder Alignment – Make sure various stakeholders agree in advance on exit objectives.
  • “Keep an eye on the ball” – Selling a company can be a distraction. Focus on running the company, not on the novelty of selling.
  • Watch Out for Deal-Killer Individual – One member told of a CFO of a buyer company who sabotaged a sale at the last minute.
  • Qualify the Buyer’s Decision Process – It is valuable to understand the process that the buying company will follow to made the acquisition.
  • Broker or M&A Specialist? – About 50% of private party deals are not handled by a broker. These are sales within the industry. Few sales to insiders, such as employees or family, are handled by brokers. The same is true for synergistic companies that are already familiar with each other.
  • Avoid Over Reliance on a Broker – One member told of losing touch with important details of a sale transaction when using a broker. A better alternative was a transaction advisor as opposed to a broker paid by commission.
  • Consider an “Insider” Sale – Some businesses cannot be easily sold to outside buyers. In this case selling to insiders, employees or family may be a good solution. Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs), or “S” ESOPs using an S-Corp entity, have been numerous and successful.
  • Consider Private Equity – One member spoke of selling to an investment group or private equity group that specializes in buying smaller companies.
  • Buying on the Come – Buyers look for growth. Showing a history of profitable growth is highly desirable. Having a plan for future growth in place is also valuable.
  • Leverage Strategic Partners to Boost Value – One way to increase equity value is to partner with another company. Examples include a partner that provides greater distribution and sales, or which can validate the viability of a technology. That partner can become a future purchaser.

[like]

How Do You Interview New Tech Hires? Four Necessities

Situation: A CEO wants advice on hiring new technical staff. Important considerations are cultural fit, identifying the characteristics of effective people, assuring that the right people are hired, and evaluating people for specifics tasks. In the past hiring technical people has proven challenging and poor hires have inhibited company growth. How do you interview new tech hires?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • It is critical to be clear on the factors necessary to be successful in the enterprise. Once these have been identified, align the factors with existing individuals in the organization as role models. Also align these factors with those who will be involved in candidate selection. This facilitates identification of good candidates.
  • Develop clarity on candidate evaluation. Identify and develop questions that will allow candidates to describe what is important to them and what they want to get out of their career choice.  In addition to specific knowledge, candidates should demonstrate a personal value system compatible with the company’s culture. They must also demonstrate a high energy level.
  • Once there is clear articulation of desired characteristics of candidates work with others such as college placement organizations, friends of the firm, Craig’s list, and so on to assist with candidate identification. A well written position description not only describes the type of individual desired, but also why someone would want to join the firm.
  • It’s imperative to be able to give a sales presentation on the company including specific reasons why people should join it. Avoid getting so wrapped up in the selection mode that you fail to recruit. Some who have done this were stunned to find that after they have made their selection the candidate was no longer interested.

[like]

How Do You Improve Infrastructure to Manage Cash Flow? Seven Points

Situation: A CEO wants to improve management of his company’s cash flow. While this is particularly important during times of tight cash and rapidly changing market conditions, the CEO wants to know what others focus on when monitoring cash flow in their companies. How do you improve infrastructure to manage cash flow?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Track project mix and margin contribution both in part and in total. To accomplish this estimate relative contribution margins of different project types.
  • Adjust sales targets and commissions to emphasize projects with higher contribution.
  • Segment the company’s business model by margins, overhead, and cash flow. Set targets and drive focus on profit per “X” (selecting the proper indicators).
  • Analyze contribution per direct cost factor, for example per engineer on payroll.
  • Develop detailed cash budgets on a monthly or even weekly basis when times are uncertain. For example, inflows and outflows by major category tracking actual cash receipt or disbursement.
  • Start with broad projections, and refine the analysis over time as the company better understands the factors that drive cash flow and profitability.
  • As understanding improves, formulate value propositions for salespeople which reflect the most advantageous cash flow contributors of the business.

[like]

How Do You Manage Seasonal Gaps in Project Flow? Five Options

Situation: A company experiences seasonal gaps in project flow. This makes it difficult to project both cash flow and staffing needs into the future. In addition, monthly cash flow tends to be uneven. What can they do to improve control of internal and external resources in this environment? How do you manage seasonal gaps in project flow?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The company currently focuses 60% on consulting and 40% on internal projects, some of which produce future projects. Relative proportions shift over time, and projects can be cancelled.
  • Try to write the company’s contracts to push revenue to early stages of a project, so that there is more cash cushion to help ride out short cash periods.
  • Look for options to change the business model to increase financial flexibility.
    • If there are significant margin differentials between different types of projects this has overhead implications when resources are shifted.
    • Look for ways to allocate less expensive resources or virtual resources with a lower cost to lower margin projects. Look for opportunities to utilize remote resources if these resources cost less.
  • Adjust staff assignments to maximize payoff, as well as staff retention options. Look for project work opportunities.
  • Analyze and evaluate the ability to switch personnel between paying projects and internal development projects.

[like]

How Do You Manage Major Projects? Seven Points

Situation: A company conducts both engineering feasibility studies and development projects. These are high budget projects and must be managed diligently to prevent cost overruns. What have others done to assure that projects are planned and managed to budget? How do you manage major projects?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • What is the structure of most contracted projects?
    • Most projects are fixed price. They come from feasibility studies which are essentially “marketing” for future sales. Typical terms are 30% up front, with the other 30/30/10 upon achievement of milestones and completion of the project.
  • Get complete buy-in from the customer as part of the initial negotiation.
  • Stay ahead of expenses by billing in time to maintain positive cash flow from the projects.
  • Structure pricing so that custom work is profitable if the project mix is 50/50 custom vs. standard work.
  • Push-back if the customer wants to reduce project cost up-front.
  • Carefully document work papers – above what is required by the contract. Get buy-in for this in advance, during the initial negotiation.
  • Once the feasibility study is completed, revise the scope and deliverables of the work agreement based on findings from the study.
  • Separate the “concept” phase from the execution phase and charge a premium for the concept work.
    • Position this as a value to the customer.

[like]

What are the Basics of a One-Page Sales Plan? Four Points

Situation: A CEO wants a simple, one-page plan for her sales organization to help coordinate the company’s sales and marketing efforts. The objective is to boost revenue growth and market penetration with consistent sales messaging. What are the basics of a One-Page Sales Plan?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The key elements of construction are: research, identification of revenue sources, and construction of a Road Map.
  • Three Examples of a One-Page Sales Plan are:
    • The Customer Survey-based Sales Plan – Ask the top 15 customers what the company’s current share of wallet (SOW) looks like and what they need to do to gain additional SOW. Use the responses to identify additional revenue sources and construct the Road Map.
    • The Service Extension Sales Plan – Construct a grid representing the company’s products and services currently offered to potential customers – particularly the company’s top customers. Create a separate grid showing services that the company does not currently offer and ask customers what the company needs to do to make those services appealing to them. Use the information gained to construct the Road Map.
    • The Current and Potential Revenue Sales Plan – Construct a grid representing the customers and markets currently served and by what product or service. Look at additional customer markets not currently served. Estimate the size, new business closure rates, and the total potential market opportunity. Use the information gained to construct the Road Map.
  • The advantages of a One-Page Sales plan include:
    • One page simplifies the process.
    • Summary of current and new targets.
    • Easy to track and measure.
    • Increases the chance of success.
    • Key people get on the same page.
    • Filters out undesirable customers.
    • A plan that can be completed and implemented quickly, cost effectively with a high ROI.
  • Additional Observations:
    • The company’s principal challenge is prioritizing business opportunities. Creating an “Ideal Customer Profile” helps to produce the desired result.
    • The company has limited resources to invest in new projects. Using an effective, low-cost tool helps to maximize the impact of investment.
    • The ideal customer profile will change over time based on the business environment and the company’s long term goals.