Tag Archives: Value

What’s Your Exit Strategy – Both Timing and Price? Four Considerations

Situation: A CEO is considering an exit strategy for the company that she founded. The company has been very successful, and the CEO wants to optimize the value of the company on sale. She seeks advice on how to both maximize the company’s value and how to best prepare for a sale. What’s your exit strategy – both timing and price?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Value is tied to revenue and profit growth. Revenue growth is based on expansion of the customer base and reshaping the product offering to optimize its market appeal.
    • Consider a usage-based price for the offering. Accompany this with a range of usage offerings based on current customer use patterns.
    • Consider tiered pricing or pricing/use to access lower tiers of the market.
    • Consider bundled products, for example along with complementary products of another company with whom marketing partnerships could be formed.
  • As part of the valuation exercise, determine the best exit strategy and timing:
    • Identify the companies that could be buyers.
    • In each case, identify why they would buy the company.
    • The most compelling reason to purchase the company will be strategic, not financial.
    • Identify the key decision maker in each of the potential buyers.
    • Also identify any factors that would make the company less desirable to any potential acquirers and develop remedies for these.
    • This exercise may help to plan the timing and to understand more about the price that could be fetched.
  • To appeal to a buyer, optimize the organizational chart.
    • If the CEO occupies too many seats on the chart this presents a substantial risk to an acquirer if the founder leaves.
  • Evolve the organizational structure to support growth.
    • If there is no compelling reason to sell in the near term, then staff the company with professional marketing, financial talent, and so on.
    • A lack of talent in key positions limits both the company’s growth and its appeal to potential buyers.
    • In the case of this company, the most important hire will be in marketing. Note that marketing does not equal sales. The company is creating a market and convincing people to change their habits. This is a marketing task, not a sales task.
    • If the analysis of the factors mentioned above determines that now is time to sell, then stay slim.

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How Do You Foster Channel Development? Three Topics

Situation: A company has grown successfully designing and producing products for larger companies. In the process they have enhanced their own reputation in the industry. The CEO wants to boost growth by designing and marketing their own products. This will require the development of new marketing channels. How do you foster channel development?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • What are the initial steps?
    • Hire a commissioned salesperson with deep experience and contacts in in the company’s industry. This individual’s objective will be to seek new business opportunities.
    • Have top management, including the CEO, take a sales course – for example Dale Carnegie Sales Training.
  • What are the company’s objectives as it seeks to grow?
    • To feed the company’s ability to develop, produce, and sell their own proprietary products.
    • To create the capacity for the company to grow without relying on the efforts and success of current customers.
    • To develop pride in building a solid and lasting company that makes important contributions to technology.
    • To increase profitability and company value to benefit owners and shareholders.
  • What can be done right now, as the early steps are put into place?
    • Find ways to include pictures of company’s products in all company collateral – whether the company’s own or products developed and produced for others.
    • This may mean creating a small variation to an easily recognized existing product – without the customer’s logo – so that it becomes clear that the company is the source of these ideas and products without voiding existing agreements with key customers.

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How Do You Maintain Your Culture as You Grow? Five Points

Situation: A company has been growing well and has developed a solid culture. Currently a key individual has decided to leave the company and has said that he is uncomfortable with the company’s culture and values and feels that he could make more money elsewhere. This has caused the CEO to question how he maintains the company’s culture. How do you maintain your culture as you grow?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The individual who is leaving was the wrong person for the company. The company is lucky that he is leaving.
    • As this individual departs the company, conduct an exit interview and listen closely to what he has to say.
  • Develop a simple statement of the company’s culture. This is not the current vision and mission but is a statement that represents the core values to be maintained by the company and staff.
    • This will help to identify and evaluate new people as they are brought onboard.
    • It will also help to guide the company as it faces both new opportunities and the numerous business choices that will be encountered in managing both current business and future growth.
    • As an example, J&J’s “Credo” starts: “We believe our first responsibility is to the doctors, nurses and patients, to mothers and fathers and all others who use our products and services. In meeting their needs everything we do must be of high quality.”
    • This statement of values guides everything that J&J does and saved them as they formulated their response to the Tylenol scare.
  • The team leads are the key to cultural fit. They determine whether the culture of their teams is consistent with the culture of the company.
  • Look at the culture of subgroups within the company. These have a huge impact and represent areas where the company truly excels.
    • Microsoft excels at managing software development but does not have the skill set to manage networks – nor do they care to develop this. Focus on what the company’s leadership are staff are best at doing.
  • From what has been said, it appears that the company was founded:
    • To create a professional work environment – to the founder’s standards; and
    • To be of uncommon value to the company’s clients.
    • If leadership conforms to these two standards, they will guide decisions about new opportunities and directions. Either a particular choice fits these standards, or it does not.

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What is Your 10-Year Growth Plan? Four Points

Situation: A CEO is building a 10-year growth plan for her well-established company. Options include building the company on its current track, growing through purchase of another company, or merging with another company. What are the most important considerations for each option? What is your 10-year growth plan?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Considerations to start the process:
    • When acquiring another company or merging, the value is the reputation, relationships, and good will of the other firm. This may be more expensive but can provide a head start in the new market.
    • Perform an ROI analysis of build vs. buy. Estimate what it will cost to build. Compare this to what others are asking for their firms. In both cases generate a 5-year cash flow forecast. Discount future cash flows using the company’s desired rate of return – for example the company’s PBDI&T target – as the discount rate.
    • Also compare the relative risk of each option.
  • Build Option:
    • It’s not necessary to recreate the full home office operation.
    • Start small – sales, support, or maybe just an address.
    • Do the actual work at the home office until sufficient business is generated at the new site to support a larger local operation.
  • Buy Option:
    • Look for a company with a good local reputation, who shares the acquiring company’s values, but who wants to sell.
    • This option provides staff, relationships, and a reputation in place. They will already know the local code.
    • Structure a deal for long-term value to the owner. The ideal is to pay as much as possible with future rather than current dollars, with a premium for high retention of personnel and business
  • Spend some time in a new area and get to know it before deciding. If the company already does some business in the new locale, this simplifies the decision.
    • Some locales have been found by others to require a local head of the office who is from the area – who “talks the local talk and walks the local walk.” This will be the case whether the decision is to build or to buy.

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How Do You Prepare for Sale of the Company? Six Points

Situation: A company’s founder and CEO wants to sell the company. The company’s software is well-suited to current governmental priorities and should be of value to potential buyers. What are the best steps to take both to prepare for a sale and to sell at the highest price? How do you prepare for sale of the company?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Add a person with connections to potential buyers to the board.
  • Look for an M&A specialist who knows the company’s market.
    • The right specialist will help validate the valuation of the company, review and identify potential purchasers, and make the inquiries that will lead to the sale of the company.
  • Investigate M&A cases in the industry and related technologies – both cases of firms like the company and cases of companies that may be suitors to determine their purchasing behavior.
    • This will help develop strategies to maximize the value of the company and the optimal bargaining position and will help prepare for negotiations.
  • Maximize the value of the company in preparation for the sale.
    • The fastest business growth may come from within the company’s current customer base – additional business customers where the company already has contacts.
    • Work up the food chain within existing customers to increase the company’s business within these companies.
  • Important preparations for a sale:
    • Assure that financial records are very clean. These are critical during the price-setting process and in negotiating the final price.
    • In computing company valuation, exclude the salaries of current principals to improve the income statement. These individuals will be replaced post-sale with lower-paid employees.
    • Continue to operate the company as though there will never be a sale. This maintains the value of the company regardless of what happens.
  • How open should be the company be – internally and externally – concerning a potential sale of the company.
    • Be as honest and open as is prudent. The biggest concern will be salespeople who may leave the company if they feel threatened by a sale, or who may stop selling because they do not want to try to explain the situation to prospects.
    • The other “at risk” group is developers, who may fear that they will be replaced or terminated following a sale and who may leave.

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How Do You Implement Your Vision for the Future? Seven Points

Situation: A CEO has a clear vision for the future of her company and what she wants to build. Her ambition is to revolutionize her industry. What are the most important things that she should to make her vision a reality? How do you implement your vision for the future?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • It is critical to take charge of the vision for the company and to see that the company has or hires the right people to implement the vision.
  • As CEO, remove yourself from the day to day.
    • Hire a Director of Operations ASAP.
    • With the right experienced Director of Operations, the infrastructure to support the program will fall into place. This individual will help to assure that this happens because he/she will be incentivized and motivated to perform.
  • Concentrate the focus for the next 4-6 months to scale the present operation to the point where the model can be “franchised.” Consider expanding the model through sites with managers who have an ownership interest.
  • An important initial step is rounding out the training process.
  • The greatest value of the present site is to serve as a demonstration site to show potential customers how installation of the technology in their operation would work. With this in mind, build a working demonstration model on the present site to the dimensions and scale that customers would see on their sites.
  • To shorten the lengthy sales cycle, create and sell a feasibility study for the technology. Agreement to a feasibility study represents commitment from the prospect and conducting the study will create buy-in on the part of the customer.
  • As the new technology is launched, CEO time will be spent away from the initial site. Prove that the site can run in the CEO’s absence before leaving for extended periods of time.

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What is the Best Way to Utilize Excess Year-end Cash? Three Perspectives

Situation: A company has excess cash at the end of the year. Options are to distribute the excess in bonuses following a challenging year, or to invest in the company. Two questions: how should the company structure a bonus distribution, and how would the company best invest the excess cash? What is the best way to utilize excess year-end cash?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Evaluating bonus options.
    • One company uses a published step-function bonus program, with the steps tied to company profitability, and performance against individual objectives.
    • Include evaluation and scoring on company core values as part of the overall performance evaluation scheme.
  • What’s the best way to utilize the current cash surplus?
    • Use the current surplus to reduce debt or invest it in the future of the company. Build value. Retained earnings are fine even if the company’s accountant is concerned about tax consequences.
    • Consider purchasing life insurance, or other tax-favored deferred-compensation for partners and key employees. Cash bonuses get spent by recipients, whereas tax-advantaged deferred compensation programs build future value for the team.
    • Consider using the excess cash to buy the building.
      • The company can afford a sizeable down-payment.
      • Negotiate a favorable purchase price at a reasonable interest rate.
      • Doing this, monthly lease payments become monthly payments toward ownership of the building and additional value for the firm.
      • Consider purchasing the building under a separate corporate entity, even if ownership of this second entity is identical to current ownership. This may create tax advantages.
  • What do company owners keep in pay versus investing in the future?
    • Keep the cash needed to run the company, plus a bit. Focus on securing the long-term value of the company.
    • “If you take care of the company, the company will take care of you.”
    • If excess cash is invested in the firm, assure to retain long-term access to the value invested. There will be times when the company will need the cash.

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How Do You Create a Chinese Wall Around a Product? Three Points

Situation: A company has a technology that was developed by but not of interest to a major corporation. The company continues to have significant business ties with the corporation, but the corporation wants to be assured that they are never connected to the technology in question. How do you create a Chinese wall around a product?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • The challenge facing the company is this: representatives of the large corporation don’t and can’t sell the services offered by the company, however exclusive clients of the corporation represent 25% of the available market for the services provided by the company. To date the large corporation has been unwilling either to reward the company for selling to these clients or to assist them in the sales process.
    • A solution: show the large corporation that the company provides a higher value or potential value to them than they receive on their existing products.
    • Show them the potential financial value to them of a symbiotic relationship.
  • Does the company develop the capabilities and value of the technology on their own, or do they partner with client companies in the market?
    • Many the potential clients in the market appreciate the technology and want to work with the company in some form so a partnership is possible.
    • The issue is that an open partnership might offend the large corporation who may then perceive the company as taking advantage of their clients.
  • How does the company establish a Chinese wall so that neither the large corporation nor the clients who purchase the company’s product are concerned about any activity that the company undertakes in the market?
    • Set up a separate entity and license the technology to this entity. The company would be an investor and would do some of the work but through a client/service relationship with the separate entity.
    • Get independent M&A advice on how to structure this entity.
    • Investigate other companies that have set up similar structures. Determine how they have addressed concerns such as conflict of interest, and what structures they have set up to avoid this.

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How Do You Price a Product and Service? Five Approaches

Situation: A company offers a product combined with a service. Small companies can’t afford the combined price, but don’t need the full functionality of the combined product plus service. An option is to create an offering on a per-seat basis. In this option, how do you price seat utilization? How do you price a product and service?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • Pricing needs to follow value. For large companies, functionality and seamless operation are key. Small companies have different challenges – they have less money and don’t need all the features required by large companies. Configure a limited product for this market.
  • Don’t de-feature the product – create a different use / pricing model. Consider a model that prices based on the user company’s revenue, with periodic review of their revenue and fees paid. As they grow and increase utilization, they increase their ability to pay for, and their need for full utilization.
  • Use a cloud model and create a “pay per amount of use” option. Limit this offering to X number of users or X number of projects to create a different product from the full license option. While this will require monitoring, it will differentiate the partial license option from the full license option.
  • Develop an alternative to what is offered by the chief competitor and create an offering that this competitor can’t compete with.
  • Before making a final decision, institute a formal process for collecting ongoing feedback from customers. This will help to clarify alternatives going forward.

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How Do You Respond to a Price Increase from a Supplier? Six Points

Situation: A small company has a parts supplier for product that they sell to their most important customer. That customer’s specs are “copy exact” on components for existing products; also, their new products are usually based on existing components. The supplier significantly raised prices on the parts supplied to the company. How you respond to a price increase from a supplier?

Advice from the CEOs:

  • This is an extremely sensitive situation. One solution is to not to rock the boat. The reality is that the company needs the parts, and it will take a lot of effort to replace them with parts from an alternate vendor. Just continue the relationship. Quit worrying about it and milk it for as long as it lasts.
  • Find out what caused the supplier to raise prices. The supplier needs to understand that to preserve the company’s margins they may have to raise prices to the final customer. This may threaten both the company’s and the supplier’s business with the customer.
  • Make sure that the supplier understands the company’s costs: office, salaries, equipment, maintenance, and local regulations that are unfriendly to business and difficult to deal with. Ask them to reconsider or reduce the price increase.
  • Assure that the supplier understands the value that the company provides and the importance of this collaboration to the business and profits and bottom lines of both companies. Leverage this value to get the price that the company needs.
  • Renegotiate the relationship to assure that supplier can’t go around go around the company and sell directly to the final customer.
  • Start building relationships with alternate suppliers.

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